Dredd Blog: 2023-05-14

Tuesday, May 16, 2023

Quantum Biology - 21

The graphic to the left depicts a part of a ribosome (Wikipedia).

The caption indicates that ribosomes are composed of both rRNA and rDNA.

Yes, and both rRNA and rDNA are composed of nucleotides.

RNA is composed of "ACGU" nuceotides and DNA is composed of "ACGT" nucleotides (It's In The GenBank - 4).

Those "ACGTU" nucleotides, in groups of three, are the "building blocks" of codons, which make up genes, which do not, I repeat do not, determine your everything as was once believed in the pseudoscience 'Genieology' (On The Origin of Genieology).

But, to put it quite simply, they are all made of atoms as shown in the previous Dredd Blog post of this series (Quantum Biology - 20).

Thus, since ribosomes "evolved" the nuts and bolts of "evolution" is the "evolution of atoms".

A recent PNAS paper provided a file containing ribosome sequences of nucleotides in a FASTA ".fas" format (Evolution of the ribosome at atomic resolution.

Since I am a "trust but verify" kinda blogger, I downloaded the "pnas.1407205111.sd02.fas" FASTA file containing the relevant ribosome sequences.

Anyway, that scientific paper proclaims "at atomic resolution" but displays no atomic detail (they display the genomic detail, not the atomic detail of that genome).

So, I processed the data in that file, which is presented in today's one and only one appendix (QB 21 Appendix).

What is incredible is that when I put my "verify software" to work on their file, the comparison of the rRNA/rDNA in the ribosomes of the 135 different organisms ends up being very uniform (I mean the comparisons of the percentages of each atom type).

Those percentages refer to the number of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms in each organism's ribosomes ('percentage wise').

Rather than repeat related previous Dredd Blog text, here (for your perusal) instead are links to the hypothetical concept of these "atomic factories" being "small brains" (Small Brains Considered - 6, Small Brains Considered - 7).

That is not my hypothesis.

I'll close with this observation: the closely matching percentages, in the ribosomes of these significantly different organisms, are an indication that ribosomes are not containment entity originators ... especially the containment entities of each of those disparate organism's local ribosome (On The Origin of The Containment Entity, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

QB 21 Appendix

This is an appendix to Quantum Biology - 21

The following data detail the atomic makeup of sections of ribosomes of various organisms (in the file which can be downloaded at: pnas.1407205111.sd02.fas).

The structure is:

organism name,
nucleotide count,
and [atom counts &
[percent of atoms].
atoms: (Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen).

Acinetobacter sp
nucleotide count: 2,876
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,148] [32.14%]
H[13,744] [33.60%]
N[11,280] [27.58%]
O[2,734] [6.68%]

Total atom count: 40,906

Agrobacterium tumefaciens
nucleotide count: 5,647
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,666] [32.11%]
H[13,279] [33.66%]
N[10,901] [27.63%]
O[2,604] [6.60%]

Total atom count: 39,450

Anabaena variabilis
nucleotide count: 8,477
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,012] [32.13%]
H[13,607] [33.59%]
N[11,331] [27.98%]
O[2,554] [6.31%]

Total atom count: 40,504

Azoarcus sp
nucleotide count: 11,362
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,205] [32.06%]
H[13,858] [33.65%]
N[11,418] [27.72%]
O[2,707] [6.57%]

Total atom count: 41,188

Bacillus anthracis
nucleotide count: 14,270
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,313] [32.12%]
H[13,933] [33.61%]
N[11,479] [27.69%]
O[2,725] [6.57%]

Total atom count: 41,450

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
nucleotide count: 17,128
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,062] [32.18%]
H[13,638] [33.60%]
N[11,182] [27.55%]
O[2,709] [6.67%]

Total atom count: 40,591

Bartonella henselae
nucleotide count: 19,939
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,838] [32.14%]
H[13,445] [33.66%]
N[11,011] [27.56%]
O[2,653] [6.64%]

Total atom count: 39,947

Bifidobacterium longum
nucleotide count: 23,005
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,979] [31.94%]
H[14,757] [33.72%]
N[12,055] [27.55%]
O[2,972] [6.79%]

Total atom count: 43,763

Blochmannia floridanus
nucleotide count: 26,038
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,872] [32.29%]
H[14,403] [33.52%]
N[11,817] [27.50%]
O[2,872] [6.68%]

Total atom count: 42,964

Bradyrhizobium japonicum
nucleotide count: 28,912
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,131] [32.08%]
H[13,785] [33.68%]
N[11,307] [27.63%]
O[2,707] [6.61%]

Total atom count: 40,930

Buchnera aphidicola
nucleotide count: 31,825
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,342] [32.23%]
H[13,918] [33.62%]
N[11,472] [27.71%]
O[2,666] [6.44%]

Total atom count: 41,398

Burkholderia sp
nucleotide count: 34,707
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,177] [32.10%]
H[13,801] [33.62%]
N[11,335] [27.61%]
O[2,742] [6.68%]

Total atom count: 41,055

Caulobacter crescentus
nucleotide count: 37,496
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,744] [32.06%]
H[13,396] [33.70%]
N[10,994] [27.66%]
O[2,611] [6.57%]

Total atom count: 39,745

Chlamydophila caviae
nucleotide count: 40,435
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,429] [32.23%]
H[13,995] [33.59%]
N[11,463] [27.52%]
O[2,773] [6.66%]

Total atom count: 41,660

Chlorobium tepidum
nucleotide count: 43,350
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,335] [32.12%]
H[13,967] [33.65%]
N[11,487] [27.67%]
O[2,722] [6.56%]

Total atom count: 41,511

Coxiella burnetii
nucleotide count: 46,247
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,242] [32.14%]
H[13,854] [33.62%]
N[11,368] [27.59%]
O[2,741] [6.65%]

Total atom count: 41,205

Crocosphaera watsonii
nucleotide count: 49,061
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,916] [32.12%]
H[13,520] [33.62%]
N[11,212] [27.88%]
O[2,568] [6.39%]

Total atom count: 40,216

Cytophaga hutchinsonii
nucleotide count: 51,930
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,146] [32.17%]
H[13,722] [33.58%]
N[11,324] [27.71%]
O[2,670] [6.53%]

Total atom count: 40,862

Dechloromonas aromatica
nucleotide count: 54,812
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,193] [32.11%]
H[13,810] [33.61%]
N[11,376] [27.69%]
O[2,705] [6.58%]

Total atom count: 41,084

Dehalococcoides ethenogenes
nucleotide count: 57,652
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,998] [32.11%]
H[13,608] [33.62%]
N[11,204] [27.68%]
O[2,664] [6.58%]

Total atom count: 40,474

Deinococcus radiodurans
nucleotide count: 60,526
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,136] [32.04%]
H[13,822] [33.71%]
N[11,354] [27.69%]
O[2,687] [6.55%]

Total atom count: 40,999

Escherichia coli
nucleotide count: 63,430
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,290] [32.09%]
H[13,929] [33.63%]
N[11,469] [27.69%]
O[2,733] [6.60%]

Total atom count: 41,421

Fusobacterium nucleatum
nucleotide count: 66,338
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,333] [32.23%]
H[13,873] [33.54%]
N[11,459] [27.70%]
O[2,699] [6.52%]

Total atom count: 41,364

Geobacillus kaustophilus
nucleotide count: 69,268
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,448] [31.99%]
H[14,147] [33.65%]
N[11,743] [27.93%]
O[2,700] [6.42%]

Total atom count: 42,038

Geobacter sulfurreducens
nucleotide count: 72,226
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,532] [32.07%]
H[14,203] [33.66%]
N[11,687] [27.70%]
O[2,775] [6.58%]

Total atom count: 42,197

Gloeobacter violaceus
nucleotide count: 75,007
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,751] [32.06%]
H[13,380] [33.64%]
N[11,072] [27.84%]
O[2,574] [6.47%]

Total atom count: 39,777

Gluconobacter oxydans
nucleotide count: 77,717
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,399] [32.05%]
H[13,032] [33.69%]
N[10,730] [27.74%]
O[2,522] [6.52%]

Total atom count: 38,683

Haemophilus influenzae
nucleotide count: 80,614
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,285] [32.17%]
H[13,860] [33.56%]
N[11,460] [27.75%]
O[2,693] [6.52%]

Total atom count: 41,298

Helicobacter hepaticus
nucleotide count: 83,494
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,164] [32.19%]
H[13,748] [33.62%]
N[11,276] [27.57%]
O[2,705] [6.61%]

Total atom count: 40,893

Legionella pneumophila
nucleotide count: 86,329
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,995] [32.12%]
H[13,572] [33.55%]
N[11,212] [27.71%]
O[2,680] [6.62%]

Total atom count: 40,459

Leifsonia xyli
nucleotide count: 89,436
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,198] [32.06%]
H[14,904] [33.66%]
N[12,230] [27.62%]
O[2,951] [6.66%]

Total atom count: 44,283

Listeria monocytogenes
nucleotide count: 92,367
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,441] [32.12%]
H[14,065] [33.61%]
N[11,637] [27.81%]
O[2,704] [6.46%]

Total atom count: 41,847

Magnetococcus sp
nucleotide count: 95,213
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,028] [32.11%]
H[13,647] [33.63%]
N[11,243] [27.71%]
O[2,657] [6.55%]

Total atom count: 40,575

Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum
nucleotide count: 97,952
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,523] [32.04%]
H[13,184] [33.73%]
N[10,840] [27.73%]
O[2,539] [6.50%]

Total atom count: 39,086

Mesoplasma florum
nucleotide count: 100,849
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,245] [32.21%]
H[13,810] [33.59%]
N[11,330] [27.55%]
O[2,734] [6.65%]

Total atom count: 41,119

Mycobacterium leprae
nucleotide count: 103,971
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,263] [32.05%]
H[14,978] [33.65%]
N[12,284] [27.60%]
O[2,984] [6.70%]

Total atom count: 44,509

Neisseria gonorrhoeae
nucleotide count: 106,850
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,178] [32.11%]
H[13,802] [33.63%]
N[11,368] [27.70%]
O[2,697] [6.57%]

Total atom count: 41,045

Nitrosomonas europaea
nucleotide count: 109,736
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,214] [32.19%]
H[13,775] [33.56%]
N[11,343] [27.63%]
O[2,717] [6.62%]

Total atom count: 41,049

Novosphingobium aromaticivorans
nucleotide count: 112,519
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,709] [32.07%]
H[13,337] [33.66%]
N[10,925] [27.57%]
O[2,652] [6.69%]

Total atom count: 39,623

Oceanobacillus iheyensis
nucleotide count: 115,441
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,376] [32.11%]
H[14,014] [33.64%]
N[11,546] [27.72%]
O[2,722] [6.53%]

Total atom count: 41,658

Photorhabdus luminescens
nucleotide count: 118,350
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,344] [32.06%]
H[13,982] [33.60%]
N[11,580] [27.83%]
O[2,710] [6.51%]

Total atom count: 41,616

Polaromonas sp
nucleotide count: 121,229
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,162] [32.13%]
H[13,767] [33.61%]
N[11,301] [27.59%]
O[2,729] [6.66%]

Total atom count: 40,959

Porphyromonas gingivalis
nucleotide count: 124,113
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,215] [32.15%]
H[13,814] [33.61%]
N[11,404] [27.75%]
O[2,667] [6.49%]

Total atom count: 41,100

Propionibacterium acnes
nucleotide count: 127,176
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,006] [32.03%]
H[14,623] [33.44%]
N[12,005] [27.45%]
O[3,095] [7.08%]

Total atom count: 43,729

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
nucleotide count: 130,067
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,218] [32.10%]
H[13,840] [33.61%]
N[11,366] [27.60%]
O[2,750] [6.68%]

Total atom count: 41,174

Ralstonia eutropha
nucleotide count: 132,948
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,183] [32.08%]
H[13,811] [33.61%]
N[11,367] [27.66%]
O[2,732] [6.65%]

Total atom count: 41,093

Rhodobacter sphaeroides
nucleotide count: 135,852
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,265] [32.03%]
H[13,973] [33.74%]
N[11,463] [27.68%]
O[2,713] [6.55%]

Total atom count: 41,414

Rhodopirellula baltica
nucleotide count: 138,743
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,214] [32.13%]
H[13,837] [33.64%]
N[11,355] [27.61%]
O[2,727] [6.63%]

Total atom count: 41,133

Shewanella oneidensis
nucleotide count: 141,636
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,235] [32.13%]
H[13,845] [33.61%]
N[11,385] [27.64%]
O[2,729] [6.62%]

Total atom count: 41,194

Sinorhizobium meliloti
nucleotide count: 144,495
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,064] [32.08%]
H[13,715] [33.68%]
N[11,253] [27.63%]
O[2,693] [6.61%]

Total atom count: 40,725

Staphylococcus aureus
nucleotide count: 147,420
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,373] [32.16%]
H[13,970] [33.60%]
N[11,466] [27.58%]
O[2,772] [6.67%]

Total atom count: 41,581

Streptococcus pneumoniae
nucleotide count: 150,322
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,291] [32.17%]
H[13,878] [33.59%]
N[11,440] [27.69%]
O[2,712] [6.56%]

Total atom count: 41,321

Streptomyces coelicolor
nucleotide count: 153,444
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,265] [32.00%]
H[14,983] [33.61%]
N[12,293] [27.58%]
O[3,039] [6.82%]

Total atom count: 44,580

Symbiobacterium thermophilum
nucleotide count: 156,390
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,526] [31.95%]
H[14,264] [33.69%]
N[11,856] [28.00%]
O[2,695] [6.36%]

Total atom count: 42,341

Synechococcus sp
nucleotide count: 159,272
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,223] [32.13%]
H[13,825] [33.59%]
N[11,451] [27.82%]
O[2,661] [6.47%]

Total atom count: 41,160

Synechocystis sp
nucleotide count: 162,155
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,247] [32.12%]
H[13,848] [33.58%]
N[11,512] [27.91%]
O[2,634] [6.39%]

Total atom count: 41,241

Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis
nucleotide count: 165,120
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,680] [31.98%]
H[14,376] [33.61%]
N[12,086] [28.25%]
O[2,633] [6.16%]

Total atom count: 42,775

Thermosynechococcus elongatus
nucleotide count: 167,989
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,149] [32.08%]
H[13,797] [33.66%]
N[11,405] [27.82%]
O[2,641] [6.44%]

Total atom count: 40,992

Thermotoga maritima
nucleotide count: 171,010
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,836] [31.87%]
H[14,647] [33.74%]
N[12,109] [27.89%]
O[2,819] [6.49%]

Total atom count: 43,411

Thermus thermophilus
nucleotide count: 173,921
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,346] [31.86%]
H[14,137] [33.74%]
N[11,719] [27.97%]
O[2,693] [6.43%]

Total atom count: 41,895

Treponema pallidum
nucleotide count: 176,868
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,509] [32.12%]
H[14,107] [33.54%]
N[11,655] [27.71%]
O[2,792] [6.64%]

Total atom count: 42,063

Tropheryma whipplei
nucleotide count: 179,967
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,146] [32.07%]
H[14,851] [33.66%]
N[12,153] [27.55%]
O[2,965] [6.72%]

Total atom count: 44,115

Vibrio cholerae
nucleotide count: 182,854
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,195] [32.11%]
H[13,815] [33.62%]
N[11,335] [27.59%]
O[2,744] [6.68%]

Total atom count: 41,089

Wolbachia endosymbiont
nucleotide count: 185,643
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,744] [32.30%]
H[13,224] [33.51%]
N[10,822] [27.43%]
O[2,670] [6.77%]

Total atom count: 39,460

Xanthomonas axonopodis
nucleotide count: 188,524
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,172] [32.08%]
H[13,817] [33.65%]
N[11,351] [27.65%]
O[2,715] [6.61%]

Total atom count: 41,055

Yersinia pestis
nucleotide count: 191,431
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,305] [32.10%]
H[13,932] [33.62%]
N[11,472] [27.68%]
O[2,736] [6.60%]

Total atom count: 41,445

Zymomonas mobilis
nucleotide count: 194,215
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[12,716] [32.13%]
H[13,319] [33.65%]
N[10,911] [27.57%]
O[2,635] [6.66%]

Total atom count: 39,581

Aeropyrum pernix
nucleotide count: 197,298
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,100] [31.73%]
H[15,043] [33.86%]
N[12,413] [27.94%]
O[2,875] [6.47%]

Total atom count: 44,431

Archaeoglobus fulgidus
nucleotide count: 200,230
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,415] [31.88%]
H[14,205] [33.76%]
N[11,715] [27.84%]
O[2,746] [6.53%]

Total atom count: 42,081

Caldivirga maquilingensis
nucleotide count: 203,260
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,837] [31.84%]
H[14,679] [33.78%]
N[12,053] [27.74%]
O[2,886] [6.64%]

Total atom count: 43,455

Haloarcula marismortui
nucleotide count: 206,183
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,338] [32.03%]
H[14,075] [33.80%]
N[11,521] [27.67%]
O[2,706] [6.50%]

Total atom count: 41,640

Halobacterium sp
nucleotide count: 209,089
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,274] [32.02%]
H[13,988] [33.75%]
N[11,476] [27.69%]
O[2,714] [6.55%]

Total atom count: 41,452

Haloferax volcanii
nucleotide count: 211,999
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,281] [32.04%]
H[14,006] [33.79%]
N[11,468] [27.67%]
O[2,692] [6.50%]

Total atom count: 41,447

Haloquadratum walsbyi
nucleotide count: 214,917
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,291] [32.03%]
H[14,058] [33.88%]
N[11,460] [27.62%]
O[2,681] [6.46%]

Total atom count: 41,490

Halorubrum lacusprofundi
nucleotide count: 217,820
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,264] [32.01%]
H[14,004] [33.80%]
N[11,502] [27.76%]
O[2,661] [6.42%]

Total atom count: 41,431

Hyperthermus butylicus
nucleotide count: 220,904
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,107] [31.73%]
H[15,060] [33.87%]
N[12,434] [27.97%]
O[2,860] [6.43%]

Total atom count: 44,461

Ignicoccus hospitalis
nucleotide count: 223,930
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,832] [31.74%]
H[14,759] [33.87%]
N[12,163] [27.91%]
O[2,821] [6.47%]

Total atom count: 43,575

Metallosphaera sedula
nucleotide count: 226,974
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,917] [31.91%]
H[14,731] [33.77%]
N[12,125] [27.80%]
O[2,845] [6.52%]

Total atom count: 43,618

Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
nucleotide count: 229,963
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,675] [31.86%]
H[14,497] [33.78%]
N[11,957] [27.86%]
O[2,790] [6.50%]

Total atom count: 42,919

Methanococcoides burtonii
nucleotide count: 232,880
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,309] [32.15%]
H[13,929] [33.65%]
N[11,377] [27.48%]
O[2,782] [6.72%]

Total atom count: 41,397

Methanococcus aeolicus
nucleotide count: 235,844
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,522] [32.10%]
H[14,186] [33.67%]
N[11,590] [27.51%]
O[2,832] [6.72%]

Total atom count: 42,130

Methanocorpusculum labreanum
nucleotide count: 238,730
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,149] [32.16%]
H[13,763] [33.67%]
N[11,201] [27.40%]
O[2,768] [6.77%]

Total atom count: 40,881

Methanoculleus marisnigri
nucleotide count: 241,628
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,230] [32.09%]
H[13,882] [33.67%]
N[11,362] [27.56%]
O[2,752] [6.68%]

Total atom count: 41,226

Methanopyrus kandleri
nucleotide count: 244,722
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,162] [31.74%]
H[15,100] [33.85%]
N[12,484] [27.98%]
O[2,866] [6.42%]

Total atom count: 44,612

Methanoregula boonei
nucleotide count: 247,621
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,239] [32.13%]
H[13,870] [33.66%]
N[11,358] [27.57%]
O[2,736] [6.64%]

Total atom count: 41,203

Methanosaeta thermophila
nucleotide count: 250,507
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,204] [31.98%]
H[13,943] [33.77%]
N[11,491] [27.83%]
O[2,654] [6.43%]

Total atom count: 41,292

Methanosarcina acetivorans
nucleotide count: 253,406
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,201] [32.08%]
H[13,882] [33.74%]
N[11,294] [27.45%]
O[2,771] [6.73%]

Total atom count: 41,148

Methanosarcina barkeri
nucleotide count: 256,301
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,195] [32.09%]
H[13,873] [33.74%]
N[11,313] [27.51%]
O[2,735] [6.65%]

Total atom count: 41,116

Methanosarcina mazei
nucleotide count: 259,194
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,194] [32.09%]
H[13,867] [33.72%]
N[11,325] [27.54%]
O[2,733] [6.65%]

Total atom count: 41,119

Methanosphaera stadtmanae
nucleotide count: 262,188
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,596] [32.25%]
H[14,144] [33.55%]
N[11,396] [27.03%]
O[3,025] [7.17%]

Total atom count: 42,161

Methanospirillum hungatei
nucleotide count: 265,098
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,279] [32.13%]
H[13,920] [33.69%]
N[11,378] [27.53%]
O[2,747] [6.65%]

Total atom count: 41,324

Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus
nucleotide count: 268,133
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,816] [32.01%]
H[14,485] [33.55%]
N[11,767] [27.26%]
O[3,100] [7.18%]

Total atom count: 43,168

Nanoarchaeum equitans
nucleotide count: 271,088
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,502] [31.81%]
H[14,356] [33.82%]
N[11,810] [27.82%]
O[2,779] [6.55%]

Total atom count: 42,447

Natronomonas pharaonis
nucleotide count: 273,994
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,260] [31.99%]
H[14,003] [33.79%]
N[11,463] [27.66%]
O[2,718] [6.56%]

Total atom count: 41,444

Picrophilus torridus
nucleotide count: 276,887
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,224] [32.10%]
H[13,869] [33.67%]
N[11,387] [27.64%]
O[2,714] [6.59%]

Total atom count: 41,194

Pyrobaculum calidifontis
nucleotide count: 279,850
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,557] [31.77%]
H[14,440] [33.84%]
N[11,924] [27.94%]
O[2,752] [6.45%]

Total atom count: 42,673

Pyrococcus furiosus
nucleotide count: 282,894
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,912] [31.80%]
H[14,788] [33.81%]
N[12,172] [27.83%]
O[2,871] [6.56%]

Total atom count: 43,743

Staphylothermus marinus
nucleotide count: 285,986
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[14,146] [31.78%]
H[15,068] [33.85%]
N[12,440] [27.95%]
O[2,859] [6.42%]

Total atom count: 44,513

Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
nucleotide count: 289,008
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,811] [31.93%]
H[14,609] [33.77%]
N[12,011] [27.77%]
O[2,827] [6.54%]

Total atom count: 43,258

Sulfolobus tokodaii
nucleotide count: 292,038
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,853] [31.85%]
H[14,702] [33.80%]
N[12,108] [27.84%]
O[2,829] [6.50%]

Total atom count: 43,492

Thermococcus kodakarensis
nucleotide count: 295,065
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,841] [31.82%]
H[14,700] [33.80%]
N[12,112] [27.85%]
O[2,843] [6.54%]

Total atom count: 43,496

Thermofilum pendens
nucleotide count: 298,124
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,983] [31.81%]
H[14,869] [33.82%]
N[12,245] [27.86%]
O[2,862] [6.51%]

Total atom count: 43,959

Thermoplasma volcanium
nucleotide count: 301,033
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[13,297] [32.10%]
H[13,936] [33.64%]
N[11,440] [27.62%]
O[2,749] [6.64%]

Total atom count: 41,422

Adineta vaga
nucleotide count: 304,884
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[17,449] [32.32%]
H[18,172] [33.66%]
N[14,560] [26.97%]
O[3,813] [7.06%]

Total atom count: 53,994

Aedes albopictus
nucleotide count: 309,095
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[19,068] [32.11%]
H[20,085] [33.82%]
N[16,111] [27.13%]
O[4,121] [6.94%]

Total atom count: 59,385

Anolis carolinensis
nucleotide count: 313,175
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[18,518] [31.81%]
H[19,742] [33.92%]
N[15,978] [27.45%]
O[3,969] [6.82%]

Total atom count: 58,207

Arabidopsis thaliana
nucleotide count: 316,714
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,099] [32.03%]
H[16,966] [33.75%]
N[13,774] [27.40%]
O[3,427] [6.82%]

Total atom count: 50,266

Caenorhabditis briggsae
nucleotide count: 320,367
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,526] [32.16%]
H[17,297] [33.67%]
N[13,819] [26.90%]
O[3,737] [7.27%]

Total atom count: 51,379

Caenorhabditis elegans
nucleotide count: 324,029
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,568] [32.17%]
H[17,337] [33.66%]
N[13,853] [26.90%]
O[3,742] [7.27%]

Total atom count: 51,500

Cryptosporidium hominis
nucleotide count: 327,556
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,019] [32.47%]
H[16,561] [33.57%]
N[13,329] [27.02%]
O[3,426] [6.94%]

Total atom count: 49,335

Cyanidioschyzon merolae
nucleotide count: 331,201
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,598] [31.92%]
H[17,577] [33.80%]
N[14,323] [27.54%]
O[3,501] [6.73%]

Total atom count: 51,999

Danio rerio
nucleotide count: 335,499
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[19,484] [31.85%]
H[20,725] [33.87%]
N[16,713] [27.32%]
O[4,261] [6.96%]

Total atom count: 61,183

Dictyostelium discoideum
nucleotide count: 339,402
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[17,697] [32.30%]
H[18,404] [33.59%]
N[14,768] [26.95%]
O[3,925] [7.16%]

Total atom count: 54,794

Drosophila melanogaster
nucleotide count: 343,480
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[18,486] [32.39%]
H[19,191] [33.62%]
N[15,383] [26.95%]
O[4,019] [7.04%]

Total atom count: 57,079

Eremothecium gossypii
nucleotide count: 347,027
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,117] [32.20%]
H[16,827] [33.62%]
N[13,591] [27.16%]
O[3,514] [7.02%]

Total atom count: 50,049

Gallus gallus
nucleotide count: 351,752
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[21,387] [31.75%]
H[22,877] [33.96%]
N[18,401] [27.31%]
O[4,705] [6.98%]

Total atom count: 67,370

Guillardia theta
nucleotide count: 355,624
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[17,545] [32.16%]
H[18,374] [33.68%]
N[14,744] [27.03%]
O[3,888] [7.13%]

Total atom count: 54,551

Homo sapiens
nucleotide count: 360,848
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[23,593] [31.72%]
H[25,332] [34.05%]
N[20,278] [27.26%]
O[5,184] [6.97%]

Total atom count: 74,387

Latimeria chalumnae
nucleotide count: 364,752
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[17,720] [31.94%]
H[18,764] [33.83%]
N[15,164] [27.34%]
O[3,823] [6.89%]

Total atom count: 55,471

Leishmania major
nucleotide count: 368,839
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[18,534] [32.12%]
H[19,487] [33.77%]
N[15,685] [27.18%]
O[3,993] [6.92%]

Total atom count: 57,699

Monodelphis domestica
nucleotide count: 373,955
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[23,130] [31.77%]
H[24,732] [33.97%]
N[19,832] [27.24%]
O[5,117] [7.03%]

Total atom count: 72,811

Mus musculus
nucleotide count: 378,854
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[22,142] [31.78%]
H[23,657] [33.96%]
N[18,951] [27.20%]
O[4,919] [7.06%]

Total atom count: 69,669

Oryza sativa
nucleotide count: 382,434
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,265] [31.94%]
H[17,259] [33.89%]
N[13,989] [27.47%]
O[3,418] [6.71%]

Total atom count: 50,931

Pan troglodytes
nucleotide count: 387,439
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[22,625] [31.85%]
H[24,081] [33.89%]
N[19,281] [27.14%]
O[5,060] [7.12%]

Total atom count: 71,047

Picea glauca
nucleotide count: 391,014
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,249] [32.24%]
H[16,963] [33.65%]
N[13,711] [27.20%]
O[3,481] [6.91%]

Total atom count: 50,404

Plasmodium falciparum
nucleotide count: 394,960
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[17,807] [32.44%]
H[18,462] [33.63%]
N[14,616] [26.62%]
O[4,011] [7.31%]

Total atom count: 54,896

Protopterus aethiopicus
nucleotide count: 398,333
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[15,342] [31.99%]
H[16,175] [33.73%]
N[13,129] [27.38%]
O[3,312] [6.91%]

Total atom count: 47,958

Rattus norvegicus
nucleotide count: 403,276
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[22,344] [31.76%]
H[23,905] [33.98%]
N[19,163] [27.24%]
O[4,934] [7.01%]

Total atom count: 70,346

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
nucleotide count: 406,830
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,159] [32.20%]
H[16,857] [33.59%]
N[13,635] [27.17%]
O[3,527] [7.03%]

Total atom count: 50,178

Schizosaccharomyces pombe
nucleotide count: 410,472
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,555] [32.22%]
H[17,265] [33.60%]
N[13,955] [27.16%]
O[3,602] [7.01%]

Total atom count: 51,377

Tetrahymena thermophila
nucleotide count: 413,980
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[16,038] [32.28%]
H[16,697] [33.61%]
N[13,693] [27.56%]
O[3,256] [6.55%]

Total atom count: 49,684

Thalassiosira pseudonana
nucleotide count: 417,470
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[15,843] [32.19%]
H[16,575] [33.68%]
N[13,361] [27.15%]
O[3,439] [6.99%]

Total atom count: 49,218

Trypanosoma brucei
nucleotide count: 421,563
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[18,437] [32.11%]
H[19,412] [33.81%]
N[15,356] [26.74%]
O[4,218] [7.35%]

Total atom count: 57,423

Xenopus laevis
nucleotide count: 425,804
[atom counts] [percent]:

C[19,236] [31.81%]
H[20,510] [33.92%]
N[16,572] [27.40%]
O[4,154] [6.87%]

Total atom count: 60,472

Sunday, May 14, 2023

Quantum Biology - 20

DNA is mostly
(Space)

I. Background

This series contains subject matter that has a long history here on Dredd Blog.

A large part of the discussion deals with biologists who recoil at the mention of the time prior to 'bio' when there was only 'abio'.

For example (Putting A Face On Machine Mutation - 3; The Life and Death of Bright Things; Did Abiotic Intelligence Precede Biotic Intelligence?; Weekend Rebel Science Excursion - 27, If Cosmology Is "Off," How Can Biology Be "On?", 2, 3) to name a few.

II. Now

The purpose of this series is to point out that photons, electrons, protons, and neutrons are not biotic, they are abiotic.

However, since biologists expound upon DNA and RNA incessantly without giving sufficient credit to the "little ones", i.e., the quantum realm of atoms and molecules that perform according to the laws of physics, i.e., quantum mechanics (Quantum Biology, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19), so I have complained incessantly about it:

"The better part of a decade ago Dredd Blog was complaining about a non-existent science called "Abiology" that should exist (Weekend Rebel Science Excursion - 27, quoting Dredd Blog posts from 2012)."

(First post of this series). People may wonder "who are you to complain about this" to which I will reply "who am I not to complain about it"?

III. A Remarkable Picture

The two appendices to today's post point out the quantum dynamics that our text books, for the most part, are ignoring (Quantum DNA, Quantum RNA).

Before we continue in this post, I might be remiss if I did not point out that I have mentioned a professor, a scientist who has covered the abiotic realm quite succinctly:

"I just want to begin this by thinking about a bridge. In this particular case, it's an obvious bridge. And if you think about evolution, you know where we've come to, but you don't know where we began. So origins of life is one of the most challenging problems facing science. Actually, as my friend and colleague Nick Lane says, it's the black hole of science. It's an embarrassment. And it's a very complicated problem."

(Dr. Paul Falkowski, YouTube). Anyway, on to the quanta.

IV. The Nonliving Atomic Scientists

Biology has a "central dogma" which once upon a time was paraphrased as "RNA comes from DNA" (NCBI).

You can view it visually and audibly in the videos at the end of today's post.

But before that, let's get down to the nitty gritty and follow the atoms instead of just following the base pairs (a.k.a. nucleotides).

Let's follow the trail of the atomic footprint of some DNA/RNA codons from a gene through transcription to mRNA then on to the ribosome where it is reformed into an amino acid:

The appendices show that the codon "GCT" (Guanine [C₅H₅N₅O₁], Cytosine[C₄H₅N₃O₁], Thymine [C₅H₆N₂O₂]) while in the DNA strand becomes "GCU" (Guanine [C₅H₅N₅O₁], Cytosine [C₄H₅N₃O₁], and Uracil [C₄H₄N₂O₂]) during transcription, as shown in the first video at the end of this post.

In other words, as shown in the DNA Appendix, [C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄] becomes [C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄].

This is "atomic surgery" that removes 1 Carbon atom, and two Hydrogen atoms from the GCT codon molecular structure to produce GCU (i.e. 'Thymine' is converted into 'Uracil', with 3 atoms left over).

No human brain surgeon can do that, but it is happening millions of times a second in us at all times.

Next, the nucleus (of the cell where the mRNA was transcribed from DNA) then sends that mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm outside of the nucleus. There a ribosome will do more atomic surgery so as to "carve out" the amino acid Alanine [C₃H₇N₁O₂] from the GCU codon [C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄].

Evidently some atoms will be "left over" (like when I assemble things I ordered and received in the mail ... got leftover parts?).

That is, 13-3 = 10, 14-7 = 7, 10-1 = 9, and 4-2 = 2; hence 10 carbon, 7 hydrogen, 9 nitrogen, and 2 oxygen atoms are "left over" when the ribosome converts GCU into Alanine.

Now, go down the list of amino acids in the two appendices, and add up the "left over" atoms, and one wonders if the left overs are used on the next translation from codon to amino acid.

Perhaps biologists don't like to talk about this because, as Dr. Falkowski pointed out (Section III above), it is a part of the black hole of genetics, akin to the "black hole" made famous or infamous by cosmologists.

How the "macromolecular machines" called 'ribosomes' became atomic surgeons is indeed another one of the many black holes of our scientific knowledge.

V. Closing Comments

The essences I am getting at is that when we are asked to take "central dogma" on faith or trust, that is not going to educate us, instead it is going to indoctrinate us (The Pillars of Knowledge: Faith and Trust?).

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

RNA Quantum Biology - 20

This is an appendix to Quantum Biology - 20

This appendix depicts the results of an analysis of Amino Acid details of ancient Australian, Egyptian, and Viking Mummy RNA Compared To MetaSUB, Pangenome & Other Modern Human RNA.

Egypt
Amino Acid
Associations
With RNA Codons
Amino Acid	Amino Acid Formula	DNA Codon & Formulas	RNA Codon & Formulas
ALA (A)	C₃H₇N₁O₂	GCT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃	GCU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃
ASP (D)	C₄H₇N₁O₄	GAT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	GAU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
GLU (E)	C₅H₉N₁O₄	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
GLY (G)	C₂H₅N₁O₂	GGT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃	GGU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃
HIS (H)	C₆H₉N₃O₂	CAT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂	CAU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂
LYS (K)	C₆H₁₄N₂O₂	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁
ASN (N)	C₄H₈N₂O₃	AAT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁	AAU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁
PRO (P)	C₅H₉N₁O₂	CCT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃	CCU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃
GLN (Q)	C₅H₁₀N₂O₃	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
ARG (R)	C₆H₁₄N₄O₂	CGT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	CGU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
SER (S)	C₃H₇N₁O₃	TCT: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₇N₇O₅ TCC: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ TCA: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ TCG: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ AGT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	UCU: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₃N₇O₅ UCC: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ UCA: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ UCG: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ AGU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
THR (T)	C₄H₉N₁O₃	ACT: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	ACU: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂

Total Nucleotides: 17,506,756
Out-of-frame Nucleotides: 3,286,669
Out-of-frame Percent: 18.774%

Human
Amino Acid
Associations
With RNA Codons
Amino Acid	Amino Acid Formula	DNA Codon & Formulas	RNA Codon & Formulas
ALA (A)	C₃H₇N₁O₂	GCT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃	GCU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃
ASP (D)	C₄H₇N₁O₄	GAT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	GAU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
GLU (E)	C₅H₉N₁O₄	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
GLY (G)	C₂H₅N₁O₂	GGT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃	GGU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃
HIS (H)	C₆H₉N₃O₂	CAT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂	CAU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂
LYS (K)	C₆H₁₄N₂O₂	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁
ASN (N)	C₄H₈N₂O₃	AAT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁	AAU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁
PRO (P)	C₅H₉N₁O₂	CCT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃	CCU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃
GLN (Q)	C₅H₁₀N₂O₃	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
ARG (R)	C₆H₁₄N₄O₂	CGT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	CGU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
SER (S)	C₃H₇N₁O₃	TCT: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₇N₇O₅ TCC: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ TCA: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ TCG: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ AGT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	UCU: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₃N₇O₅ UCC: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ UCA: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ UCG: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ AGU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
THR (T)	C₄H₉N₁O₃	ACT: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	ACU: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂

Total Nucleotides: 346,893
Out-of-frame Nucleotides: 120,575
Out-of-frame Percent: 34.759%

Viking
Amino Acid
Associations
With RNA Codons
Amino Acid	Amino Acid Formula	DNA Codon & Formulas	RNA Codon & Formulas
ALA (A)	C₃H₇N₁O₂	GCT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃	GCU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃
ASP (D)	C₄H₇N₁O₄	GAT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	GAU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
GLU (E)	C₅H₉N₁O₄	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
GLY (G)	C₂H₅N₁O₂	GGT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃	GGU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃
HIS (H)	C₆H₉N₃O₂	CAT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂	CAU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂
LYS (K)	C₆H₁₄N₂O₂	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁
ASN (N)	C₄H₈N₂O₃	AAT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁	AAU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁
PRO (P)	C₅H₉N₁O₂	CCT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃	CCU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃
GLN (Q)	C₅H₁₀N₂O₃	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
ARG (R)	C₆H₁₄N₄O₂	CGT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	CGU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
SER (S)	C₃H₇N₁O₃	TCT: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₇N₇O₅ TCC: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ TCA: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ TCG: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ AGT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	UCU: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₃N₇O₅ UCC: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ UCA: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ UCG: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ AGU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
THR (T)	C₄H₉N₁O₃	ACT: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	ACU: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂

Total Nucleotides: 1,073,506,904
Out-of-frame Nucleotides: 188,681,405
Out-of-frame Percent: 17.576%

Pangenome
Amino Acid
Associations
With RNA Codons
Amino Acid	Amino Acid Formula	DNA Codon & Formulas	RNA Codon & Formulas
ALA (A)	C₃H₇N₁O₂	GCT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃	GCU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃
ASP (D)	C₄H₇N₁O₄	GAT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	GAU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
GLU (E)	C₅H₉N₁O₄	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
GLY (G)	C₂H₅N₁O₂	GGT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃	GGU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃
HIS (H)	C₆H₉N₃O₂	CAT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂	CAU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂
LYS (K)	C₆H₁₄N₂O₂	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁
ASN (N)	C₄H₈N₂O₃	AAT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁	AAU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁
PRO (P)	C₅H₉N₁O₂	CCT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃	CCU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃
GLN (Q)	C₅H₁₀N₂O₃	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
ARG (R)	C₆H₁₄N₄O₂	CGT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	CGU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
SER (S)	C₃H₇N₁O₃	TCT: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₇N₇O₅ TCC: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ TCA: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ TCG: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ AGT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	UCU: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₃N₇O₅ UCC: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ UCA: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ UCG: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ AGU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
THR (T)	C₄H₉N₁O₃	ACT: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	ACU: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂

Total Nucleotides: 72,532,817
Out-of-frame Nucleotides: 12,649,003
Out-of-frame Percent: 17.439%

Metasub
Amino Acid
Associations
With RNA Codons
Amino Acid	Amino Acid Formula	DNA Codon & Formulas	RNA Codon & Formulas
ALA (A)	C₃H₇N₁O₂	GCT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃	GCU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃
ASP (D)	C₄H₇N₁O₄	GAT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	GAU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
GLU (E)	C₅H₉N₁O₄	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
GLY (G)	C₂H₅N₁O₂	GGT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃	GGU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃
HIS (H)	C₆H₉N₃O₂	CAT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂	CAU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂
LYS (K)	C₆H₁₄N₂O₂	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁
ASN (N)	C₄H₈N₂O₃	AAT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁	AAU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁
PRO (P)	C₅H₉N₁O₂	CCT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃	CCU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃
GLN (Q)	C₅H₁₀N₂O₃	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
ARG (R)	C₆H₁₄N₄O₂	CGT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	CGU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
SER (S)	C₃H₇N₁O₃	TCT: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₇N₇O₅ TCC: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ TCA: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ TCG: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ AGT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	UCU: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₃N₇O₅ UCC: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ UCA: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ UCG: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ AGU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
THR (T)	C₄H₉N₁O₃	ACT: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	ACU: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂

Total Nucleotides: 1,357,395
Out-of-frame Nucleotides: 225,948
Out-of-frame Percent: 16.646%

Australia
Amino Acid
Associations
With RNA Codons
Amino Acid	Amino Acid Formula	DNA Codon & Formulas	RNA Codon & Formulas
ALA (A)	C₃H₇N₁O₂	GCT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃	GCU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ GCC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ GCA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ GCG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃
ASP (D)	C₄H₇N₁O₄	GAT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	GAU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ GAC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
GLU (E)	C₅H₉N₁O₄	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	GAA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ GAG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
GLY (G)	C₂H₅N₁O₂	GGT: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃	GGU: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₄ GGC: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ GGA: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂ GGG: C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₃
HIS (H)	C₆H₉N₃O₂	CAT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂	CAU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ CAC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂
LYS (K)	C₆H₁₄N₂O₂	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁	AAA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅ AAG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁
ASN (N)	C₄H₈N₂O₃	AAT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁	AAU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₂ AAC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁
PRO (P)	C₅H₉N₁O₂	CCT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃	CCU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ CCC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₅N₉O₃ CCA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ CCG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃
GLN (Q)	C₅H₁₀N₂O₃	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	CAA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ CAG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
ARG (R)	C₆H₁₄N₄O₂	CGT: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂	CGU: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ CGC: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₃ CGA: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂ CGG: C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₃ AGA: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₁ AGG: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₅H₁₅N₁₅O₂
SER (S)	C₃H₇N₁O₃	TCT: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₇N₇O₅ TCC: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₆N₈O₄ TCA: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ TCG: C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₄ AGT: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₅H₁₆N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	UCU: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₂H₁₃N₇O₅ UCC: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₂H₁₄N₈O₄ UCA: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ UCG: C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₄ AGU: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₄N₁₂O₃ AGC: C₅H₅N₅ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂
THR (T)	C₄H₉N₁O₃	ACT: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₆N₂O₂ C₁₄H₁₆N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂	ACU: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₄N₂O₂ C₁₃H₁₄N₁₀O₃ ACC: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₁₃H₁₅N₁₁O₂ ACA: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₁ ACG: C₅H₅N₅ C₄H₅N₃O₁ C₅H₅N₅O₁ C₁₄H₁₅N₁₃O₂

Total Nucleotides: 16,251,079
Out-of-frame Nucleotides: 2,850,283
Out-of-frame Percent: 17.539%