Sunday, March 8, 2026

Quantum Oceanography - 19

Fig. 1 WOD  Longitude Bands

 I. Background

This series began here on Dredd Blog about six years ago (Quantum Oceanography).

It has had several branches, such as (The Photon Current, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22), each having a variable view of the concept.

Make no mistake though, photons wherever they may be (such as everywhere) are a very important aspect of quantum physics, and therefore, also of "quantum oceanography".

Today's appendices depict the trail of photons in the oceans in six groups based on the longitude band in which the in situ measurements of temperature, salinity, depth, etc. were acquired.

Two features were derived using TEOS-10 C++ library methods/functions.

Those two features are Potential Enthalpy (ho), a.k.a. "heat quantity/flux", and mol quantity (mole) flux.

The latter is calculated using a particular photon wavelength and the Avogadro constant to mathematically derive mole quantities within the ho quantities.

 II. Appendices

Today's appendices track ocean heat flux (Appendix 1) and the photon count - mole (mol) count equivalent of that heat flux (Appendix 2) .

What is tracked (the footprints/fingerprints) is the change in heat and therefore the equal/matching change in infrared photon quantity for each longitude group (Fig. 1).

Notice that the graph line patterns match, but the quantities indicated in the graphs differ by 105 as they should.

That is because a mole of photons is an "astronomical" quantity. 

III. Closing Comments

 The photon current is real:

 "The modern photon concept originated during the first two decades of the 20th century with the work of Albert Einstein, who built upon the research of Max Planck. While Planck was trying to explain how matter and electromagnetic radiation could be in thermal equilibrium with one another, he proposed that the energy stored within a material object should be regarded as composed of an integer number of discrete, equal-sized parts. To explain the photoelectric effect, Einstein introduced the idea that light itself is made of discrete units of energy. In 1926, Gilbert N. Lewis popularized the term photon for these energy units.[3][4][5] Subsequently, many other experiments validated Einstein's approach." 

(Wikipedia, cf The Photon Current, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22).

The previous post in this series is here.