USA culture has experienced that at maximum capacity on all sides:
"Inside Washington’s federal courthouse, there’s no denying the reality of Jan. 6, 2021. Day after day, judges and jurors silently absorb the chilling sights and sounds from television screens of rioters beating police, shattering windows and hunting for lawmakers as democracy lay under siege.
But as he seeks to reclaim the White House, Donald Trump continues to portray the defendants as patriots worthy of admiration, an assertion that has been undercut by the adjudicated truth in hundreds of criminal cases where judges and juries have reached the opposite conclusion about what history will remember as one of America’s darkest days.
The cases have systematically put on record — through testimony, documents and video — the crimes committed, weapons wielded, and lives altered by physical and emotional damage. Trump is espousing a starkly different story, portraying the rioters as hostages and political prisoners whom he says he might pardon if he wins in November."
Before a solar originated photon current reaches the oceans and is still in deep space, astronomers can do photon polarizing and other activities such as spectroscopy:
"The realisation that light could harbour information about celestial objects came thanks to the work of the German glass-maker Joseph von Fraunhofer. In 1814 he dispersed the Sun’s light into a rainbow of colours – known as a spectrum – discovering numerous dark absorption lines that were later found to betray the composition of our star.
With the subsequent development of spectroscopes to view – and spectrographs to record – celestial spectra and the lines they contained, astronomers had a means to examine the make-up of stars."
(Sky At Night). Not only that, there is no substantial doubt that these photon currents (starlight, including infrared photons) can be put through a polarizer as well (The Photon Current - 12).
II. The Origin Of Disagreement About Spectra
However, fundamental disagreements arise with the interpretations given to the spectral lines that appear in these spectra (Fig. 1).
Nevertheless, substantial portions of current scientific theory stem from the observations of such photon currents in deep space even though there is disagreement as to what the 'absorption lines' really mean and where everything originates:
"The contradictions between Big Bang theory predictions and observations are not at all limited to those that have been widely dubbed a “Crisis in Cosmology”. Despite the continuing popularity of the theory, essentially every prediction of the Big Bang theory has been increasingly contradicted by better and better data, as shown by many teams of researchers. The observations are, on the other hand, consistent with a non-expanding universe with no Big Bang. The real crisis in cosmology is that the Big Bang never happened."
In the noise of argument about the Big Bang the signal has been long lost (No Signal? Just Noise?).
The signal is the red-shift/blue-shift in the photon spectra:
"In physics, a redshift is an increase in the wavelength, and corresponding decrease in the frequency and photon energy, of electromagnetic radiation (such as light). The opposite change, a decrease in wavelength and increase in frequency and energy, is known as a blueshift, or negative redshift. The terms derive from the colours red and blue which form the extremes of the visible light spectrum."
(Redshift, emphasis added). Notice that the "signal" in phenomenon is about a change in the photon's energy, while the "noise" is the interpretation that motion a la the "Doppler Effect" is the cause of the shift.
The Doppler effect was based on things that never travel the speed of light (sound) and on waves that did not change in energy of the molecules bouncing off one another.
The red-shift in light photons is a change in the energy of individual photons which is a well known value (Fig. 2).
Getting back to the 'signal', let's reconsider the laws of thermodynamics which apply to the change in the energy of the photon as it travels in space.
What force or source causes the change in a photon's energy, i.e. the change in wavelength and frequency?
The laws of thermodynamics indicate:
"The first law of thermodynamics states that, when energy passes into or out of a system (as work, heat, or matter), the system's internal energy changes in accordance with the law of conservation of energy."
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"The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over time. In the case of a closed system the principle says that the total amount of energy within the system can only be changed through energy entering or leaving the system. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it can only be transformed or transferred from one form to another."
(Wikipedia: Laws of thermodynamics; Conservation of energy). So, the "E" if "the total amount of energy within the [E=hf] system can only be changed through energy entering or leaving the system", what energy stretches the wavelength equating to a red-shift, or what energy shrinks it equating to a blue-shift?
The theorists playing with dolls says that "motion" away from that photon does it, and does it in an amount based on distance.
And on and on ab absurdum.
It is more likely that when the "f" in the E=hf formula causes "E" to decrease, then that amount of energy has left that photon to become a part of "the CMB":
"Today, the CMB radiation is very cold, only 2.725° above
absolute zero, thus this radiation shines primarilyin the microwave portion of the electromagneticspectrum, and is invisible to the naked eye. However, it fills the universe and can be detected everywhere we look. In fact, if we could see microwaves, the entire sky would glow with a brightness that was astonishingly uniform in every direction."
(WMAP). Ok, enough about the signal and the noise.
IV. Where Does the E=hf Go?
About 90% of it that reaches the Earth goes into the oceans of the world where it is then known as "enthalpy" (In Search Of Ocean Heat - 15).
The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.
The basic operation is to pass a photon current (e.g. light beam) through a polarizer then study the 'other side' result pursuant to Malus's Law:
"Malus' law, which is named after Étienne-Louis Malus, says that when a perfect polarizer is placed in a polarized beam of light, the irradiance, I, of the light that passes through is given by I = I0 cos2 θi where I0 is the initial intensity and θi is the angle between the light's initial polarization direction and the axis of the polarizer."
If so it won't change the heat content of the seawater, but it could change the direction of some of the individual photon flows within the overall photon current.
