Dredd Blog: 2026-03-08

Saturday, March 14, 2026

Will The UN Relocate? If So To Where?

United?

I asked and my AI source responded:

The UN headquarters was located in New York City in 1946 after a last-minute $8.5 million donation from John D. Rockefeller, Jr. was accepted to purchase a 17-acre waterfront slaughterhouse site in Manhattan's Turtle Bay. The choice followed competition among U.S. cities, with key lobbying by Robert Moses and Nelson Rockefeller. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Key details regarding the establishment:

• Initial Temporary Locations: Before the permanent site was built, the UN held sessions at Hunter College (now Lehman College) in the Bronx and used the Sperry Gyroscope factory in Lake Success, NY. The General Assembly met at the New York City Building in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, Queens.
• The Site Deal: John D. Rockefeller Jr. offered to buy the site, and the city provided additional property to seal the deal in December 1946.
• Construction: Groundbreaking occurred in 1948, with the first 450 employees starting work in the Secretariat Building on August 22, 1950. The headquarters were completed in 1952.
• Financing: The United States government provided an interest-free loan of $65 million for construction.
• Extraterritoriality: Although situated in NYC, the land is under the sole administration of the UN, operating as an international zone rather than U.S. territory. [3, 5, 6, 7, 8]

AI can make mistakes, so double-check responses
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_United_Nations
[2] https://passblue.com/2013/07/18/why-the-un-was-built-in-new-york-and-not-in-south-dakota/
[3] https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/english_2019.pdf
[4] https://www.facebook.com/UNVisitorsCentre/posts/the-united-nations-headquarters-is-located-on-an-international-zone-governed-by-/1422777266561466/
[5] https://www.facebook.com/UNVisitorsCentre/posts/united-nations-headquarters-occupy-18-acres-of-land-in-midtown-manhattan-and-ove/1245497344289460/
[6] https://www.un.org/ungifts/united-nations-ny-site
[7] https://unitedcareercoalition.org/questions-and-answers-about-united-nations-blog/un-locations-usa-nyc
[8] https://www.facebook.com/UNGeneva/posts/flashbackfridayon-9-january-1951-the-united-nations-headquarters-officially-open/1004589111704392/

The former Rockefeller's "foreman" of Oil-Qaeda made it so eh? (A History of Oil Addiction, 2, 3, 4, Oil-Qaeda: The Deadliest Parasite Of Civilization, 2, The Universal Smedley, 2).

I also asked the same source "Who Owns AI?" to which AI responded:

No single person or company owns "AI" as a whole; it is a field of technology comprised of algorithms, infrastructure, and data owned by

Corporate Ownership of Major AI Labs

Major AI models are owned by a small group of "Big Tech" companies and specialized labs: [6, 7]

OpenAI: This operates as a Public Benefit Corporation (PBC). Microsoft is its largest investor with a 27% stake. The OpenAI Foundation holds 26%, and employees/investors own the remaining 47%.
Anthropic: The creator of Claude is a Public Benefit Corporation founded by former OpenAI executives. Amazon and Google are major backers.
xAI: This company, founded by Elon Musk, became a wholly owned subsidiary of SpaceX in early 2026.
Google & Meta: These companies develop and own proprietary models like Gemini and Llama internally. [2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14]

Infrastructure and Hardware Ownership

AI requires massive computing power to function. This "backbone" is dominated by: [15]

Nvidia: This is the primary manufacturer of the GPUs used to train almost all modern AI.
Cloud Providers: Microsoft (Azure), Amazon (AWS), and Google Cloud own the physical data centers where AI resides. [2, 6, 16, 17]

Legal Ownership of AI Output

The ownership of what an AI creates is still a major legal debate: [18]

Human-Centric Laws: In the U.S. and many other regions, the U.S. Copyright Office generally maintains that works must be created by humans to be copyrighted.
Corporate Policy: Most AI companies (like OpenAI) include terms of service that grant the user ownership of the outputs, though these rights may not be legally enforceable in copyright court.
Data Rights: Lawsuits from authors and artists argue that because AI is trained on their work, they should have a stake in its ownership. [18, 19, 20, 21, 22]

[1] https://www.weforum.org

[2] https://www.technologyreview.com

[3] https://www.zive.com

[4] https://www.newschannel20.com

[5] https://lawandmore.eu

[6] https://www.ucl.ac.uk

[7] https://www.artificialintelligence-news.com

[8] https://www.youtube.com

[9] https://en.wikipedia.org

[10] https://www.editorworld.com

[11] https://en.wikipedia.org

[12] https://en.wikipedia.org

[13] https://www.bbc.com

[14] https://finance.yahoo.com

[15] https://www.trtworld.com

[16] https://www.morningstar.com

[17] https://www.stash.com

[18] https://therrinstitute.com

[19] https://cacm.acm.org

[20] https://www.reddit.com

[21] https://www.forbes.com

[22] https://papers.ssrn.com

Anyone have "a 17-acre waterfront slaughterhouse site" for sale cheap?

Wednesday, March 11, 2026

Quantum Oceanography - 20

Fig. 1 Six Latitude Groups

The previous post dealt with six longitude groups, this post deals with six latitude groups.

Today's appendices contain graphs in the same manner as the previous post where one set is potential enthalpy, the other set is photon mole (mol) counts.

The modern oceanography standard is TEOS-10:

"TEOS-10 is based on a Gibbs function formulation from which all thermodynamic properties of seawater (density, enthalpy, entropy sound speed, etc.) can be derived in a thermodynamically consistent manner. TEOS-10 was adopted by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission at its 25th Assembly in June 2009 to replace EOS-80 as the official description of seawater and ice properties in marine science."

(Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater, 2010). The pre-quantum physics science of ocean currents as the initiator of heat flux in the oceans was replaced with modern thermodynamic concepts of photons as the "carriers" of heat:

"Furthermore, it is shown that a flux of potential enthalpy can be called “the heat flux” even though potential enthalpy is undefined up to a linear function of salinity. The exchange of heat across the sea surface is identically the flux of potential enthalpy. This same flux is not proportional to the flux of potential temperature because of variations in heat capacity of up to 5%. The geothermal heat flux across the ocean floor is also approximately the flux of potential enthalpy with an error of no more that 0.15%. These results prove that potential enthalpy is the quantity whose advection and diffusion is equivalent to advection and diffusion of “heat” in the ocean. That is, it is proven that to very high accuracy, the first law of thermodynamics in the ocean is the conservation equation of potential enthalpy. It is shown that potential enthalpy is to be preferred over the Bernoulli function. A new temperature variable called “conservative temperature” is advanced that is simply proportional to potential enthalpy. It is shown that present ocean models contain typical errors of 0.1°C and maximum errors of 1.4°C in their temperature because of the neglect of the nonconservative production of potential temperature. The meridional flux of heat through oceanic sections found using this conservative approach is different by up to 0.4% from that calculated by the approach used in present ocean models in which the nonconservative nature of potential temperature is ignored and the specific heat at the sea surface is assumed to be constant. An alternative approach that has been recommended and is often used with observed section data, namely, calculating the meridional heat flux using the specific heat (at zero pressure) and potential temperature, rests on an incorrect theoretical foundation, and this estimate of heat flux is actually less accurate than simply using the flux of potential temperature with a constant heat capacity."

(Potential Enthalpy: A Conservative Oceanic Variable for Evaluating Heat Content and Heat Fluxes, cf. Thermodynamic Concepts used in Physical Oceanography). When counting the photons in the ocean a researcher realizes that photons are involved in constant spontaneous motion events, flowing from "hot to cold" ... from warmer to cooler locations.

That is discerned during the calculation of potential enthalpy which results in data that become the source for h^o graphs (Appendix 1) and photon mole (mol) count graphs (Appendix 2).

That process uses the TEOS-10 formulas, as was pointed out in the previous post of this series.

Additionally, the count of photons in Dredd Blog posts is done using the C++ Photon class I wrote some years back (Quantum Oceanography, 2020).

It implements "the only way to do it":

"To find the energy of a photon, multiply Planck's constant by the speed of light, then divide by the photon's wavelength. For a mole of photons, multiply the result by Avogadro's number."

(How To Figure The Energy Of One Mole Of A Photon). But, when you are doing it for all the photons in the world's oceans the high powered Dredd Blog "Photon" class works better than doing only one photon at a time (snark).

Closing Comment

There really is no useful purpose for resisting the ongoing reality of our solid quantum mechanics and infrared photon dynamics throughout the ocean depths.

Nothing extra has to happen to cause that ongoing photon current reality because, unlike ocean currents driven by wind, water density differences, and tides, the photon current is initiated spontaneously per the Second Law of Thermodynamics everywhere there is "photon energy" (previously absorbed photon) in an atom or molecule of seawater.

Nevertheless, that resistance to quantum oceanography is being done during a lot of research due to an old habit of using current movements (driven by wind, water density differences, and tides) as the imaginary major cause of ocean heat flux.

The previous post in this series is here.

Apndx QO20 - Mol

See Groups Map in Fig. 1 @ Quantum Oceanography - 20

Apndx QO20 - Ho

See Groups Map in Fig. 1 @ Quantum Oceanography - 20

Sunday, March 8, 2026

Quantum Oceanography - 19

Fig. 1 WOD Longitude Bands

I. Background

This series began here on Dredd Blog about six years ago (Quantum Oceanography).

It was one of several branches of a trunk, such as (The Photon Current, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22), each having a variable view of the "quantum oceanography concept" (what next photons in water?).

Make no mistake though, photons wherever they may be (such as everywhere) are a very important aspect of quantum physics, and therefore, also of "quantum oceanography".

Today's appendices depict the trail of photons in the oceans in six groups based on the longitude band in which the in situ measurements of temperature, salinity, depth, etc. were acquired.

Two features were derived using TEOS-10 C++ library methods/functions.

Those two features are Potential Enthalpy (h^o), a.k.a. "heat quantity/flux", and mol quantity (mole) flux.

The latter is calculated using a particular photon wavelength and the Avogadro constant to mathematically derive mole quantities within the h^o quantities.

II. Appendices

Today's appendices track ocean heat flux (Appendix 1) and the photon count - mole (mol) count equivalent of that heat flux (Appendix 2) .

What is tracked (the footprints/fingerprints) is the change in heat and therefore the equal/matching change in infrared photon quantity for each longitude group (Fig. 1).

Notice that the graph line patterns match, but the quantities indicated in the graphs differ by 10⁵ as they should.

That is because a mole of photons is an "astronomical" quantity of them.

III. Closing Comments

The photon current is real:

"The modern photon concept originated during the first two decades of the 20th century with the work of Albert Einstein, who built upon the research of Max Planck. While Planck was trying to explain how matter and electromagnetic radiation could be in thermal equilibrium with one another, he proposed that the energy stored within a material object should be regarded as composed of an integer number of discrete, equal-sized parts. To explain the photoelectric effect, Einstein introduced the idea that light itself is made of discrete units of energy. In 1926, Gilbert N. Lewis popularized the term photon for these energy units.[3][4][5] Subsequently, many other experiments validated Einstein's approach."

(Wikipedia, cf The Photon Current, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22).

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

Appndx QO-1

See Groups Map in Fig. 1 @ Quantum Oceanography - 19

Group 1 is composed of data from Longitude Column 0 through Longitude Column 5

Group 2 is composed of data from Longitude Column 6 through Longitude Column 11

Group 3 is composed of data from Longitude Column 12 through Longitude Column 17

Group 4 is composed of data from Longitude Column 18 through Longitude Column 23

Group 5 is composed of data from Longitude Column 24 through Longitude Column 29

Group 6 is composed of data from Longitude Column 30 through Longitude Column 35

Depths are in meters.

The following line colors
indicate the depths:

Sea level to 250m (red)

251m to 1000m (green)

1001m to 4000m (brown)

4001m to 5500m (orchid)

5501 to bottom (blue)

Appndx QO-2