The World According To Measurements - 2

Fig. 1

I don't think readers grasped the significance of the first post in this series (The World According To Measurements).

So, I am going to review the significance of it.

First, let me mention that Databases Galore - 19 is being read more than other recent posts, which I suspect is because it is so "YUGE" in that it detailed all of the PSMSL stations in all of the WOD layers that have PSMSL stations (ibid).

But that is not all of the WOD measurements available, by far, nor all of the PSMSL measurements available.

Fig. 2

More WOD zones were featured in the previous post in that series, because the limit was not based on having PSMSL stations in a featured zone.

No, any zone that had any measurements recorded in the WOD database, and any PSMSL stations with measurements were the only requirements.

In other words, all available error free measurements were used.

That begins with ~0.97 billion (not million) measurements (Databases Galore - 18).

Fig. 3 Steric Volume Change Above Max .Density

In the first post of this series I used WOD measurements taken at all depths in all locations around the globe.

Those data were processed in order to do the graphs in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

What they show is that, all things considered, thermal expansion (steric volume change) is clearly not 'the' or even 'a' major cause of sea level rise.

This is shown by applying the steric volume formula V₁ = V₀(1 + β ΔT) to every measurement of temperature, salinity, and ocean volume in order to generate the graph at pane four (lower right) in Fig. 1, and the graph at pane two (bottom) of Fig. 2.

The take-home from this and the previous post is that if you want the results for all of the ocean (not just the surface 1000 meters) you must use all measurements from all depths (including the very cold water below 3000m).

Fig. 4 Steric Volume Change Below Max .Density

Perhaps the first post did not catch many "eyes" because there was not much sea level change shown.

That is because those graphs were detailing global mean averages.

Every error free sea level, temperature, salinity, volume, and depth measurement in the CTD & PFL datasets of the WOD and PSMSL were used to reveal a major reality.

Some of those measurements were of three feet of sea level rise, some on the other hand were of three feet of sea level fall, but the end result being sought was the global mean average (for comparison).

That is because what was being sought was a look at global average steric, thermal volume changes, compared to global average sea level changes.

As Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show, that behavior is not axiomatically a one way street.

That is a very important issue, but all too often it is an issue that is not fully discussed (the measurements of water below 3000m are not often used).

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

The Glot Thickens

The glot (tongue) of foreign policy can be imperialistic (The Hazards of Military Worship), "spoken" by invasions and subjugations.

For example, the poll ratings of presidents go up in warrior scenarios (e.g. Syria airport bombing).

Nevertheless:

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Or, foreign policy can be spoken in an artistic form:

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U.S. Ambassador reads Bob Dylan's letter to the Nobel Committee:

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The Queens of Stalingrad - 9

Информационное агентство России ТАСС

The fake news has been banned from Bullshitistan (American Press banned from Bullshitistan).

Only TASS can enter the inner sanctum (see photos to left & below) now that Comey has been fired, and the kingdom of Bullshitistan is back to business as usual.

"No more Americans spying on Americans, NYET," says The Don, "because 'America First' applies to espionage and treason, thus, the Russians must handle that."

"After all," The Don then shouted, "you asked for an independent investigation!"

Ha! Ha! Ha! Komrad Donald told them that he fired
Kapitalist Comey because he bad-mouthed Hillary !

This episode required The Shape-Shifters of Bullshitistan (The Shapeshifters of Bullshitistan, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) to bring in Huckster Bee (a.k.a. S.H.S. sh*t house Sarah), who is Spice ER's mini me.

That was because Spice ER had to hide in and about the foliage (the bushes) around the White Kremlin (Fungus Amongus).

"Me and mini-me see scary people"

Spice ER and his mini-me said that he was merely hiding from "the scary people."

All of these brilliant business moves soothed the controlling powers in the U.S. House and U.S. Senate, so "nothing to see here folks" greeting cards were sent to all.

The Turtle in the Senate, and Ayn Rand's kid (Ayn Rand: Patron Saint of The Plutocracy - 4) in the House of Representatives, all gushed at Comey's firing as being "the work of a Strongman."

"Everyone will luv us again if we hose Comey." - The Who Doo

Yellow Comey had evidently asked for more money to stop the Russians from polluting Washington D.C., but the Turtle in the Senate, and Ayn's kid (The Ryan) both said that would cost too much.

"We wouldn't have enough money left over to build the wall," they said over their shoulders as they hurriedly exited the scene.

The previous post in this series is here.

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Antarctica 2.0 - 2

From Madhouse to Hothouse

In this series we take a look at why Antarctica is not what you have been taught (The World According To Measurements).

In the first post we discussed a discovery that was available for years and years, but was not investigated or researched (Antarctica 2.0).

In today's post we look at another discovery there, a crater in East Antarctica, that for months after its discovery was thought to have been made by a meteorite.

Now, upon closer research, we find that it is a repeat of what takes place in Greenland even to the point of also having a moulin (Crater In Antarctica).

Greenland has been melting for far longer than generally suspected, and so has Antarctica, which, as the video presentation below, by Professor Rignot, shows is problematic for current civilization.

Mainly because it is a national security threat:

"A group of retired senior military officers is urging U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Defense Secretary James Mattis to remain firm in their support for combating global warming as White House officials consider exiting the Paris climate accord.

The 17 veterans argue that climate change poses a critical national security risk and say the U.S. must remain engaged in the international effort to fight it, according to letters sent Monday to Tillerson and Mattis. Among the signatories are three four-star veterans, including former Commander of the U.S. Pacific Command Admiral Sam J. Locklear.

The ex-officers are the latest to call for the U.S. to uphold its environmental commitments as President Donald Trump’s senior advisers were preparing to meet Tuesday to debate whether to exit the Paris accord. Tillerson and Mattis are among those pushing the president to stick with the agreement, brokered in 2015 by almost 200 nations."

(Ex-Military Brass Back Tillerson, Mattis in Climate Fight). Even though the military is aware, politicians in control are not aware, so, there is nothing the military can do about it (Why The Military Can't Defend Against The Invasion).

That is, they can't do anything beyond the standard-fare government reaction (New Climate Catastrophe Policy: Triage, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12).

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

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The Shapeshifters of Bullshitistan - 6

You rang ...

This series focuses on the so called administration created by the so called educational system (Etiology of Social Dementia, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16).

It is an educational system handed down by the glorious few (The Virgin MOMCOM - 3), a.k.a. the 1% ("we are dominated by the relatively small number of persons", A Closer Look At MOMCOM's DNA - 4).

This segment deals with the tornado of propaganda, the ongoing political climate change black hole, a.k.a the Lord of the Lies.

I am writing about the star of the "Yeah, that's the ticket" room, who was given the nom de plume "Spice ER" by The Don.

It has been blazoned onto the name plate of his conservative fashioned lapel flag.

His job assignment is to give an education to the bad fake news people, who like to harass the dear leader of the glorious admin.

They do so by visiting the ER day in and day out in order to harass Spicey with questionable questions.

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

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Edumycation Sectretary visits the ER ...

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The World According To Measurements

Fig. 1 All in

Sometimes we describe the world, or parts of it, by measurements.

So, how much or how little should we measure?

The most we can measure is "all we can."

We see this "all we can" quantity working in measurements, or the lack thereof, at the polar regions where the surface conditions can be harsh ("It is currently winter in Antarctica, therefore direct visual observation is extremely difficult." - Antarctic Ice Shelf Crack).

The same can be said of many areas of the ocean that are not visited often because of distance from shore, or distance to the bottom.

Fig. 2 Ice Sheet fingerprints

So, we form our world view in large part from the measurements we can manage to take and record.

A recent Dredd Blog post focused on the reaction of scientists to puzzling measurement results in tide gauge station records from around the world (Golden 23 Zones Revisited).

They solved what they saw as a problem by selecting tide gauge stations that are used to be representative of how the global ocean behaves, thereby developing the notion of  "sea level fingerprints."

How sea level changes and leaves "fingerprints" in measurements taken at those stations is said to be a general indication of where the water came from.

Today, as a follow up I present graphs generated by a new software module I wrote, which uses CTD & PFL measurements from all ocean depths in all WOD zones where they have been recorded.

It combines all the relevant (CTD & PFL) WOD and (monthly & annual) PSMSL measurements into one CSV file that represents the entire world ocean (not just the zones and the layers) over the years shown.

But remember, that representation ends up being "the world ocean according to measurements" recorded in the premiere (CTD & PFL) datasets of the WOD database.

The graph at Fig. 1 shows (pane one, upper left) sea level rise based on all Permanent Service for Mean Sea level measurements downloaded into my SQL database (PSMSL).

The result is reasonably close to "the Golden 23" sea level rise graphs made from far fewer measurements which are touted as a good general representation of the world oceans.

It also shows ocean temperatures, ocean salinity, and calculated steric, thermal expansion and contraction values downloaded from the World Ocean Database (WOD) (CTD & PFL dataset) measurements into my SQL database.

These graphs, made from real-life measurements, also confirm that thermal expansion is a minor player in the global sea level change dynamics (Fig. 2).

Thus confirming, with real-world measurements, the world view expressed in an ongoing Dredd Blog series (On Thermal Expansion & Thermal Contraction, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18).

The next post in this series is here.

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