On The Origin Of Another Genetic Constant - 2

Abridge

I. Good Falsification

This is an update concerning the hypothesis that there are constants in DNA and RNA genomes.

When researchers, scientists, or other persons set forth a hypothesis the hypothesis should be presented with another factor, which is how to falsify the hypothesis.

Sometimes the scientific falsification technique is more difficult to explain than the hypothesis itself and perhaps that is why the scientific falsification part is most often left out.

But that should not keep us from the sound practice, so let's take a look at it.

II. The Genetic Constant Potential Falsification Difficulty

In the print-outs made by the software detailed in this series (e.g. appendices) the falsification potential has been presented as "variation" from the constant presented in the format of percentage of variation (On The Origin Of A Genetic Constant, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10; On The Origin Of Another Genetic Constant).

The argument for falsification might be conceptualized by asking "what is so constant about something that varies Dredd" ?

Indeed, that is an avenue of potential falsification, but at this time it is not solid enough to be relied upon to settle the matter.

In fact, some well-known "constants" such as The Fine Structure Constant and The Hubble Constant have had known variations for some time, but are still referred to as "constants".

Those problems are different from the genetic constant variations, but our genetic science is not mature enough yet to give enough weight to tiny variations to consider them a falsification of the hypothesized ≈(32/35/25/6) DNA genetic constant or the hypothesized ≈(32/33/26/7) RNA genetic constant.

III. Variation in DNA and RNA
Collection, Storage, and Interpretation

In today's appendices I have added another detail which helps to point out more of the reasons for the variation from the constants.

That factor is the collection and storage of the DNA and RNA samples.

It is a factor of the degree of expertise in the researchers, scientists, and other persons who collect, store, and interpret the DNA and RNA samples which make their way into public databases-of-genomes such as GenBank.

The GenBank disclaimer is instructive in that regard: 

"Website Disclaimer

Liability: For documents and software available from this server, the U.S. Government does not warrant or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed.

Endorsement: NCBI does not endorse or recommend any commercial products, processes, or services. The views and opinions of authors expressed on NCBI's Web sites do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government, and they may not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes."

(GenBank Website). That disclaimer does not mean that the data they collect and share is not worthy, or is not very useful.

To the contrary, it is a wonderful thing for the U.S. Government to do IMO.

IV. The Additions To The Data
In Dredd Blog Appendices

A new count and related feature has been added.

It is far more simple to use than some other explanations for the cause of variations in constants such as Detecting and estimating contamination of human DNA samples in sequencing and array-based genotype data.

This Dredd Blog consideration for the variations is a simple detection and count of the "false" or invalid nucleotide letters in the data of the sequences.

When scrutinizing the sequences the preferred method is to use the FASTA version of the sequences (click on the FASTA button at the upper left of the linked page).

Remember that the only valid letters that can be used to represent a nucleotide are 'A', 'C', 'G', 'T', and 'U'.

In the new Dredd Blog feature shown in today's appendices, the notation of how many false or invalid letters show up is stated (such as 'Y', 'M', 'R' etc.).

The 'N' letter placed into the nucleotide sequence by the researcher, scientist, or other person is put there to indicate an unknown.

It can be considered a reason for variation even though it is placed there on purpose (it means "not knowing", i.e. the nucleotide value in the collected sample of DNA or RNA is unknown). 

So, when any letters other than the valid nucleotide letters show up it can be considered a factor of variation.

But those letters standing alone are not conclusive factors of variation or falsification of the constant hypothesis.

V. On To The Appendices

As an example "right off the bat", notice that the genome BA000047.1 has a considerable consideration:

"Valid Nucleotide count: 12,263,273 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1,100,000
Invalid character(s): N count(1,100,000)"

(DNA Appendix 1). Notice also that genome CP015622.1 in the same appendix has only two invalid characters:

"Valid Nucleotide count: 3,047,373 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 2
Invalid character(s): KM"

(DNA Appendix 1). Note also that most of the sample genomes don't have invalid characters, so an "n/a" is used to indicate that fact.

The new addition (a count and list of invalid letters) to the appendices of the two genetic constant series afford the reader with valuable information as to the variation considerations.

Listing and counting all of the non-compliant characters in the genome gives the reader one way to scientifically confirm or scientifically falsify the hypothesis.

VI. Closing Comments

The RNA Gen Const Appendix 1 and RNA Gen Const Appendix 2 have similar examples for Dredd Blog reader perusal so that you have a data basis for knowledge (The Pillars of Knowledge: Faith and Trust?).

Bias is not sufficient.

Let's continue to keep an eye on public data because it helps us keep an eye on scientific developments which impact us all (such as atom percents in our DNA):

"ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.3926, Hydrogen: 10.3926, Nitrogen: 10.3926, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 4.7400, Hydrogen: 5.9250, Nitrogen: 3.5550, Oxygen: 1.1850

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 6.4405, Hydrogen: 6.4405, Nitrogen: 6.4405, Oxygen: 1.2881

Thymine ('T'):

Carbon: 10.9358, Hydrogen: 13.1230, Nitrogen: 4.3743, Oxygen: 4.3743

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.5090% (10.3926% + 4.7400% + 6.4405% + 10.9358%)
Hydrogen: 35.8811% (10.3926% + 5.9250% + 6.4405% + 13.1230%)
Nitrogen: 24.7625% (10.3926% + 3.5550% + 6.4405% + 4.3743%)
Oxygen: 6.8474% (0.0000% + 1.1850% + 1.2881% + 4.3743%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/35/25/6) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.3056% (> constant: 32.2034%)
Hydrogen: 0.2879% (> constant: 35.5932%)
Nitrogen: -0.6612% (< constant: 25.4237%)
Oxygen: 0.0677% (> constant: 6.7797%)"

(DNA Appendix 1 at NZ_JABGIE010000657.1). Atoms are not talked about enough, which abridges genetic comprehension so as to cover up the way to find out where the bridge begins.

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

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A polymath visits Harvard...

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RNA Gen Const Appendix 2

This is an appendix to: On The Origin of Another Genetic Constant - 2

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Genetic Constant ≈(32/33/26/7) file analysis

Genbank File Genome link: AY345988.1

Source: SARS coronavirus CUHK-AG03

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,474

(atom counts: C: 42,370, H: 42,370, N: 42,370)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,940

(atom counts: C: 23,760, H: 29,700, N: 17,820, O: 5,940)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,187

(atom counts: C: 30,935, H: 30,935, N: 30,935, O: 6,187)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,135

(atom counts: C: 36,540, H: 36,540, N: 18,270, O: 18,270)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,736 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,942
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2605, Hydrogen: 10.2605, Nitrogen: 10.2605, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7538, Hydrogen: 7.1923, Nitrogen: 4.3154, Oxygen: 1.4385

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4914, Hydrogen: 7.4914, Nitrogen: 7.4914, Oxygen: 1.4983

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8487, Hydrogen: 8.8487, Nitrogen: 4.4244, Oxygen: 4.4244

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3544% (10.2605% + 5.7538% + 7.4914% + 8.8487%)
Hydrogen: 33.7929% (10.2605% + 7.1923% + 7.4914% + 8.8487%)
Nitrogen: 26.4916% (10.2605% + 4.3154% + 7.4914% + 4.4244%)
Oxygen: 7.3611% (0.0000% + 1.4385% + 1.4983% + 4.4244%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2115% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1357% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2941% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2182% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: EU371562.1

Source: SARS coronavirus BJ182-4

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,425

(atom counts: C: 42,125, H: 42,125, N: 42,125)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,910

(atom counts: C: 23,640, H: 29,550, N: 17,730, O: 5,910)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,166

(atom counts: C: 30,830, H: 30,830, N: 30,830, O: 6,166)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,101

(atom counts: C: 36,404, H: 36,404, N: 18,202, O: 18,202)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,602 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,073
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2476, Hydrogen: 10.2476, Nitrogen: 10.2476, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7508, Hydrogen: 7.1885, Nitrogen: 4.3131, Oxygen: 1.4377

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4999, Hydrogen: 7.4999, Nitrogen: 7.4999, Oxygen: 1.5000

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8558, Hydrogen: 8.8558, Nitrogen: 4.4279, Oxygen: 4.4279

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3541% (10.2476% + 5.7508% + 7.4999% + 8.8558%)
Hydrogen: 33.7918% (10.2476% + 7.1885% + 7.4999% + 8.8558%)
Nitrogen: 26.4885% (10.2476% + 4.3131% + 7.4999% + 4.4279%)
Oxygen: 7.3656% (0.0000% + 1.4377% + 1.5000% + 4.4279%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2112% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1368% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2972% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2227% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: KF514423.1

Source: SARS coronavirus wtic-MB

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,443

(atom counts: C: 42,215, H: 42,215, N: 42,215)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,937

(atom counts: C: 23,748, H: 29,685, N: 17,811, O: 5,937)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,183

(atom counts: C: 30,915, H: 30,915, N: 30,915, O: 6,183)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,123

(atom counts: C: 36,492, H: 36,492, N: 18,246, O: 18,246)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,687 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): R

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,230
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2406, Hydrogen: 10.2406, Nitrogen: 10.2406, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7609, Hydrogen: 7.2011, Nitrogen: 4.3206, Oxygen: 1.4402

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4995, Hydrogen: 7.4995, Nitrogen: 7.4995, Oxygen: 1.4999

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8523, Hydrogen: 8.8523, Nitrogen: 4.4262, Oxygen: 4.4262

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3533% (10.2406% + 5.7609% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Hydrogen: 33.7935% (10.2406% + 7.2011% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Nitrogen: 26.4869% (10.2406% + 4.3206% + 7.4995% + 4.4262%)
Oxygen: 7.3663% (0.0000% + 1.4402% + 1.4999% + 4.4262%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2104% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1351% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2988% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2234% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: GQ153542.1

Source: Bat SARS coronavirus HKU3-7

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,416

(atom counts: C: 42,080, H: 42,080, N: 42,080)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,918

(atom counts: C: 23,672, H: 29,590, N: 17,754, O: 5,918)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,296

(atom counts: C: 31,480, H: 31,480, N: 31,480, O: 6,296)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,086

(atom counts: C: 36,344, H: 36,344, N: 18,172, O: 18,172)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,716 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,942
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.90

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.1903, Hydrogen: 10.1903, Nitrogen: 10.1903, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7325, Hydrogen: 7.1657, Nitrogen: 4.2994, Oxygen: 1.4331

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.6233, Hydrogen: 7.6233, Nitrogen: 7.6233, Oxygen: 1.5247

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8012, Hydrogen: 8.8012, Nitrogen: 4.4006, Oxygen: 4.4006

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3474% (10.1903% + 5.7325% + 7.6233% + 8.8012%)
Hydrogen: 33.7805% (10.1903% + 7.1657% + 7.6233% + 8.8012%)
Nitrogen: 26.5137% (10.1903% + 4.2994% + 7.6233% + 4.4006%)
Oxygen: 7.3584% (0.0000% + 1.4331% + 1.5247% + 4.4006%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2045% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1481% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2720% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2155% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: AY559091.1

Source: SARS coronavirus SinP4

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,452

(atom counts: C: 42,260, H: 42,260, N: 42,260)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,934

(atom counts: C: 23,736, H: 29,670, N: 17,802, O: 5,934)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,185

(atom counts: C: 30,925, H: 30,925, N: 30,925, O: 6,185)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,138

(atom counts: C: 36,552, H: 36,552, N: 18,276, O: 18,276)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,710 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): R

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,538
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2439, Hydrogen: 10.2439, Nitrogen: 10.2439, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7537, Hydrogen: 7.1921, Nitrogen: 4.3152, Oxygen: 1.4384

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4963, Hydrogen: 7.4963, Nitrogen: 7.4963, Oxygen: 1.4993

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8603, Hydrogen: 8.8603, Nitrogen: 4.4301, Oxygen: 4.4301

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3541% (10.2439% + 5.7537% + 7.4963% + 8.8603%)
Hydrogen: 33.7925% (10.2439% + 7.1921% + 7.4963% + 8.8603%)
Nitrogen: 26.4856% (10.2439% + 4.3152% + 7.4963% + 4.4301%)
Oxygen: 7.3678% (0.0000% + 1.4384% + 1.4993% + 4.4301%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2112% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1361% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3001% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2249% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: JF292907.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,430

(atom counts: C: 42,150, H: 42,150, N: 42,150)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,926

(atom counts: C: 23,704, H: 29,630, N: 17,778, O: 5,926)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,177

(atom counts: C: 30,885, H: 30,885, N: 30,885, O: 6,177)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,646 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,676
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2386, Hydrogen: 10.2386, Nitrogen: 10.2386, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7579, Hydrogen: 7.1974, Nitrogen: 4.3184, Oxygen: 1.4395

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5023, Hydrogen: 7.5023, Nitrogen: 7.5023, Oxygen: 1.5005

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8545, Hydrogen: 8.8545, Nitrogen: 4.4273, Oxygen: 4.4273

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3534% (10.2386% + 5.7579% + 7.5023% + 8.8545%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2386% + 7.1974% + 7.5023% + 8.8545%)
Nitrogen: 26.4866% (10.2386% + 4.3184% + 7.5023% + 4.4273%)
Oxygen: 7.3672% (0.0000% + 1.4395% + 1.5005% + 4.4273%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2105% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2991% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2243% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: AY394987.1

Source: SARS coronavirus HZS2-Fb

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,466

(atom counts: C: 42,330, H: 42,330, N: 42,330)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,928

(atom counts: C: 23,712, H: 29,640, N: 17,784, O: 5,928)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,182

(atom counts: C: 30,910, H: 30,910, N: 30,910, O: 6,182)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,133

(atom counts: C: 36,532, H: 36,532, N: 18,266, O: 18,266)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,709 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,562
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2603, Hydrogen: 10.2603, Nitrogen: 10.2603, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7475, Hydrogen: 7.1844, Nitrogen: 4.3106, Oxygen: 1.4369

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4922, Hydrogen: 7.4922, Nitrogen: 7.4922, Oxygen: 1.4984

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8549, Hydrogen: 8.8549, Nitrogen: 4.4275, Oxygen: 4.4275

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3549% (10.2603% + 5.7475% + 7.4922% + 8.8549%)
Hydrogen: 33.7918% (10.2603% + 7.1844% + 7.4922% + 8.8549%)
Nitrogen: 26.4906% (10.2603% + 4.3106% + 7.4922% + 4.4275%)
Oxygen: 7.3628% (0.0000% + 1.4369% + 1.4984% + 4.4275%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2120% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1368% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2951% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2199% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: KF367457.1

Source: Bat SARS-like coronavirus WIV1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,654

(atom counts: C: 43,270, H: 43,270, N: 43,270)

Cytosine ('C') count: 6,062

(atom counts: C: 24,248, H: 30,310, N: 18,186, O: 6,062)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,294

(atom counts: C: 31,470, H: 31,470, N: 31,470, O: 6,294)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,299

(atom counts: C: 37,196, H: 37,196, N: 18,598, O: 18,598)

Valid Nucleotide count: 30,309 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 420,908
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2802, Hydrogen: 10.2802, Nitrogen: 10.2802, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7609, Hydrogen: 7.2011, Nitrogen: 4.3207, Oxygen: 1.4402

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4767, Hydrogen: 7.4767, Nitrogen: 7.4767, Oxygen: 1.4953

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8371, Hydrogen: 8.8371, Nitrogen: 4.4185, Oxygen: 4.4185

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3548% (10.2802% + 5.7609% + 7.4767% + 8.8371%)
Hydrogen: 33.7950% (10.2802% + 7.2011% + 7.4767% + 8.8371%)
Nitrogen: 26.4961% (10.2802% + 4.3207% + 7.4767% + 4.4185%)
Oxygen: 7.3541% (0.0000% + 1.4402% + 1.4953% + 4.4185%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2119% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1336% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2896% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2112% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: AY463060.1

Source: SARS coronavirus ShanghaiQXC2

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,209

(atom counts: C: 41,045, H: 41,045, N: 41,045)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,808

(atom counts: C: 23,232, H: 29,040, N: 17,424, O: 5,808)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,061

(atom counts: C: 30,305, H: 30,305, N: 30,305, O: 6,061)

Uracil ('U') count: 8,932

(atom counts: C: 35,728, H: 35,728, N: 17,864, O: 17,864)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,013 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 3
Invalid character(s): MRY

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 402,799
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.88

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.1899, Hydrogen: 10.1899, Nitrogen: 10.1899, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7676, Hydrogen: 7.2096, Nitrogen: 4.3257, Oxygen: 1.4419

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5236, Hydrogen: 7.5236, Nitrogen: 7.5236, Oxygen: 1.5047

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8699, Hydrogen: 8.8699, Nitrogen: 4.4350, Oxygen: 4.4350

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3511% (10.1899% + 5.7676% + 7.5236% + 8.8699%)
Hydrogen: 33.7930% (10.1899% + 7.2096% + 7.5236% + 8.8699%)
Nitrogen: 26.4742% (10.1899% + 4.3257% + 7.5236% + 4.4350%)
Oxygen: 7.3816% (0.0000% + 1.4419% + 1.5047% + 4.4350%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2082% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1356% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3115% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2387% (> constant: 7.1429%)

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Genbank File Genome link: AY394991.1

Source: SARS coronavirus HZS2-Fc

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,476

(atom counts: C: 42,380, H: 42,380, N: 42,380)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,938

(atom counts: C: 23,752, H: 29,690, N: 17,814, O: 5,938)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,186

(atom counts: C: 30,930, H: 30,930, N: 30,930, O: 6,186)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,136

(atom counts: C: 36,544, H: 36,544, N: 18,272, O: 18,272)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,736 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,942
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2629, Hydrogen: 10.2629, Nitrogen: 10.2629, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7519, Hydrogen: 7.1899, Nitrogen: 4.3139, Oxygen: 1.4380

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4902, Hydrogen: 7.4902, Nitrogen: 7.4902, Oxygen: 1.4980

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8497, Hydrogen: 8.8497, Nitrogen: 4.4248, Oxygen: 4.4248

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3547% (10.2629% + 5.7519% + 7.4902% + 8.8497%)
Hydrogen: 33.7926% (10.2629% + 7.1899% + 7.4902% + 8.8497%)
Nitrogen: 26.4919% (10.2629% + 4.3139% + 7.4902% + 4.4248%)
Oxygen: 7.3608% (0.0000% + 1.4380% + 1.4980% + 4.4248%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2118% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1360% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2938% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2179% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: GQ153546.1

Source: Bat SARS coronavirus HKU3-11

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,412

(atom counts: C: 42,060, H: 42,060, N: 42,060)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,939

(atom counts: C: 23,756, H: 29,695, N: 17,817, O: 5,939)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,283

(atom counts: C: 31,415, H: 31,415, N: 31,415, O: 6,283)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,061

(atom counts: C: 36,244, H: 36,244, N: 18,122, O: 18,122)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,695 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,647
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.90

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.1927, Hydrogen: 10.1927, Nitrogen: 10.1927, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7570, Hydrogen: 7.1962, Nitrogen: 4.3177, Oxygen: 1.4392

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.6130, Hydrogen: 7.6130, Nitrogen: 7.6130, Oxygen: 1.5226

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.7833, Hydrogen: 8.7833, Nitrogen: 4.3916, Oxygen: 4.3916

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3460% (10.1927% + 5.7570% + 7.6130% + 8.7833%)
Hydrogen: 33.7853% (10.1927% + 7.1962% + 7.6130% + 8.7833%)
Nitrogen: 26.5152% (10.1927% + 4.3177% + 7.6130% + 4.3916%)
Oxygen: 7.3535% (0.0000% + 1.4392% + 1.5226% + 4.3916%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2031% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1433% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2705% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2106% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: EU371559.1

Source: SARS coronavirus ZJ02

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,460

(atom counts: C: 42,300, H: 42,300, N: 42,300)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,940

(atom counts: C: 23,760, H: 29,700, N: 17,820, O: 5,940)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,188

(atom counts: C: 30,940, H: 30,940, N: 30,940, O: 6,188)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,143

(atom counts: C: 36,572, H: 36,572, N: 18,286, O: 18,286)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,731 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,844
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2460, Hydrogen: 10.2460, Nitrogen: 10.2460, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7552, Hydrogen: 7.1940, Nitrogen: 4.3164, Oxygen: 1.4388

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4944, Hydrogen: 7.4944, Nitrogen: 7.4944, Oxygen: 1.4989

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8586, Hydrogen: 8.8586, Nitrogen: 4.4293, Oxygen: 4.4293

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3541% (10.2460% + 5.7552% + 7.4944% + 8.8586%)
Hydrogen: 33.7929% (10.2460% + 7.1940% + 7.4944% + 8.8586%)
Nitrogen: 26.4860% (10.2460% + 4.3164% + 7.4944% + 4.4293%)
Oxygen: 7.3669% (0.0000% + 1.4388% + 1.4989% + 4.4293%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2112% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1357% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2997% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2240% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: JF292902.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15 ExoN1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,427

(atom counts: C: 42,135, H: 42,135, N: 42,135)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,928

(atom counts: C: 23,712, H: 29,640, N: 17,784, O: 5,928)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,176

(atom counts: C: 30,880, H: 30,880, N: 30,880, O: 6,176)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,114

(atom counts: C: 36,456, H: 36,456, N: 18,228, O: 18,228)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,646 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): M

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,653
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2356, Hydrogen: 10.2356, Nitrogen: 10.2356, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7602, Hydrogen: 7.2002, Nitrogen: 4.3201, Oxygen: 1.4400

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5015, Hydrogen: 7.5015, Nitrogen: 7.5015, Oxygen: 1.5003

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8560, Hydrogen: 8.8560, Nitrogen: 4.4280, Oxygen: 4.4280

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3532% (10.2356% + 5.7602% + 7.5015% + 8.8560%)
Hydrogen: 33.7933% (10.2356% + 7.2002% + 7.5015% + 8.8560%)
Nitrogen: 26.4852% (10.2356% + 4.3201% + 7.5015% + 4.4280%)
Oxygen: 7.3683% (0.0000% + 1.4400% + 1.5003% + 4.4280%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2103% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1353% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3005% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2254% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY395001.1

Source: SARS coronavirus LC4

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,371

(atom counts: C: 41,855, H: 41,855, N: 41,855)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,862

(atom counts: C: 23,448, H: 29,310, N: 17,586, O: 5,862)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,109

(atom counts: C: 30,545, H: 30,545, N: 30,545, O: 6,109)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,008

(atom counts: C: 36,032, H: 36,032, N: 18,016, O: 18,016)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,350 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 407,611
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2684, Hydrogen: 10.2684, Nitrogen: 10.2684, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7525, Hydrogen: 7.1907, Nitrogen: 4.3144, Oxygen: 1.4381

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4937, Hydrogen: 7.4937, Nitrogen: 7.4937, Oxygen: 1.4987

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8398, Hydrogen: 8.8398, Nitrogen: 4.4199, Oxygen: 4.4199

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3544% (10.2684% + 5.7525% + 7.4937% + 8.8398%)
Hydrogen: 33.7925% (10.2684% + 7.1907% + 7.4937% + 8.8398%)
Nitrogen: 26.4963% (10.2684% + 4.3144% + 7.4937% + 4.4199%)
Oxygen: 7.3568% (0.0000% + 1.4381% + 1.4987% + 4.4199%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2115% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1361% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2894% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2139% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KF514409.1

Source: SARS coronavirus wtic-MB

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,443

(atom counts: C: 42,215, H: 42,215, N: 42,215)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,937

(atom counts: C: 23,748, H: 29,685, N: 17,811, O: 5,937)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,183

(atom counts: C: 30,915, H: 30,915, N: 30,915, O: 6,183)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,123

(atom counts: C: 36,492, H: 36,492, N: 18,246, O: 18,246)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,687 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): R

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,230
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2406, Hydrogen: 10.2406, Nitrogen: 10.2406, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7609, Hydrogen: 7.2011, Nitrogen: 4.3206, Oxygen: 1.4402

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4995, Hydrogen: 7.4995, Nitrogen: 7.4995, Oxygen: 1.4999

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8523, Hydrogen: 8.8523, Nitrogen: 4.4262, Oxygen: 4.4262

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3533% (10.2406% + 5.7609% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Hydrogen: 33.7935% (10.2406% + 7.2011% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Nitrogen: 26.4869% (10.2406% + 4.3206% + 7.4995% + 4.4262%)
Oxygen: 7.3663% (0.0000% + 1.4402% + 1.4999% + 4.4262%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2104% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1351% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2988% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2234% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KJ473812.1

Source: BtRf-BetaCoV/HeB2013

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,391

(atom counts: C: 41,955, H: 41,955, N: 41,955)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,926

(atom counts: C: 23,704, H: 29,630, N: 17,778, O: 5,926)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,141

(atom counts: C: 30,705, H: 30,705, N: 30,705, O: 6,141)

Uracil ('U') count: 8,985

(atom counts: C: 35,940, H: 35,940, N: 17,970, O: 17,970)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,443 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 408,979
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2585, Hydrogen: 10.2585, Nitrogen: 10.2585, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7959, Hydrogen: 7.2449, Nitrogen: 4.3469, Oxygen: 1.4490

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5077, Hydrogen: 7.5077, Nitrogen: 7.5077, Oxygen: 1.5015

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.7877, Hydrogen: 8.7877, Nitrogen: 4.3939, Oxygen: 4.3939

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3498% (10.2585% + 5.7959% + 7.5077% + 8.7877%)
Hydrogen: 33.7988% (10.2585% + 7.2449% + 7.5077% + 8.7877%)
Nitrogen: 26.5070% (10.2585% + 4.3469% + 7.5077% + 4.3939%)
Oxygen: 7.3444% (0.0000% + 1.4490% + 1.5015% + 4.3939%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2069% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1298% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2787% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2015% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KJ473814.1

Source: BtRs-BetaCoV/HuB2013

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,437

(atom counts: C: 42,185, H: 42,185, N: 42,185)

Cytosine ('C') count: 6,054

(atom counts: C: 24,216, H: 30,270, N: 18,162, O: 6,054)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,234

(atom counts: C: 31,170, H: 31,170, N: 31,170, O: 6,234)

Uracil ('U') count: 8,933

(atom counts: C: 35,732, H: 35,732, N: 17,866, O: 17,866)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,658 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,197
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.90

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2342, Hydrogen: 10.2342, Nitrogen: 10.2342, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.8749, Hydrogen: 7.3436, Nitrogen: 4.4061, Oxygen: 1.4687

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5619, Hydrogen: 7.5619, Nitrogen: 7.5619, Oxygen: 1.5124

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.6687, Hydrogen: 8.6687, Nitrogen: 4.3343, Oxygen: 4.3343

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3396% (10.2342% + 5.8749% + 7.5619% + 8.6687%)
Hydrogen: 33.8083% (10.2342% + 7.3436% + 7.5619% + 8.6687%)
Nitrogen: 26.5366% (10.2342% + 4.4061% + 7.5619% + 4.3343%)
Oxygen: 7.3154% (0.0000% + 1.4687% + 1.5124% + 4.3343%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.1967% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1203% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2491% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.1725% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY559089.1

Source: SARS coronavirus SinP2

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,444

(atom counts: C: 42,220, H: 42,220, N: 42,220)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,928

(atom counts: C: 23,712, H: 29,640, N: 17,784, O: 5,928)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,178

(atom counts: C: 30,890, H: 30,890, N: 30,890, O: 6,178)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,135

(atom counts: C: 36,540, H: 36,540, N: 18,270, O: 18,270)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,717 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 32
Invalid character(s): N count(30), other(2)

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,192
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.87

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2428, Hydrogen: 10.2428, Nitrogen: 10.2428, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7527, Hydrogen: 7.1908, Nitrogen: 4.3145, Oxygen: 1.4382

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4941, Hydrogen: 7.4941, Nitrogen: 7.4941, Oxygen: 1.4988

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8648, Hydrogen: 8.8648, Nitrogen: 4.4324, Oxygen: 4.4324

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3543% (10.2428% + 5.7527% + 7.4941% + 8.8648%)
Hydrogen: 33.7925% (10.2428% + 7.1908% + 7.4941% + 8.8648%)
Nitrogen: 26.4838% (10.2428% + 4.3145% + 7.4941% + 4.4324%)
Oxygen: 7.3694% (0.0000% + 1.4382% + 1.4988% + 4.4324%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2114% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1361% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3019% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2265% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: JF292914.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,429

(atom counts: C: 42,145, H: 42,145, N: 42,145)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,926

(atom counts: C: 23,704, H: 29,630, N: 17,778, O: 5,926)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,177

(atom counts: C: 30,885, H: 30,885, N: 30,885, O: 6,177)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,646 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): W

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,661
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2378, Hydrogen: 10.2378, Nitrogen: 10.2378, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7581, Hydrogen: 7.1977, Nitrogen: 4.3186, Oxygen: 1.4395

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5025, Hydrogen: 7.5025, Nitrogen: 7.5025, Oxygen: 1.5005

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8549, Hydrogen: 8.8549, Nitrogen: 4.4274, Oxygen: 4.4274

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3533% (10.2378% + 5.7581% + 7.5025% + 8.8549%)
Hydrogen: 33.7929% (10.2378% + 7.1977% + 7.5025% + 8.8549%)
Nitrogen: 26.4864% (10.2378% + 4.3186% + 7.5025% + 4.4274%)
Oxygen: 7.3675% (0.0000% + 1.4395% + 1.5005% + 4.4274%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2104% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1357% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2993% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2246% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY338175.1

Source: SARS coronavirus Taiwan TC2

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,409

(atom counts: C: 42,045, H: 42,045, N: 42,045)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,904

(atom counts: C: 23,616, H: 29,520, N: 17,712, O: 5,904)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,162

(atom counts: C: 30,810, H: 30,810, N: 30,810, O: 6,162)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,098

(atom counts: C: 36,392, H: 36,392, N: 18,196, O: 18,196)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,573 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 410,655
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2385, Hydrogen: 10.2385, Nitrogen: 10.2385, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7508, Hydrogen: 7.1885, Nitrogen: 4.3131, Oxygen: 1.4377

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5026, Hydrogen: 7.5026, Nitrogen: 7.5026, Oxygen: 1.5005

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8619, Hydrogen: 8.8619, Nitrogen: 4.4310, Oxygen: 4.4310

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3539% (10.2385% + 5.7508% + 7.5026% + 8.8619%)
Hydrogen: 33.7916% (10.2385% + 7.1885% + 7.5026% + 8.8619%)
Nitrogen: 26.4852% (10.2385% + 4.3131% + 7.5026% + 4.4310%)
Oxygen: 7.3692% (0.0000% + 1.4377% + 1.5005% + 4.4310%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2110% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1370% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3005% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2263% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY559088.1

Source: SARS coronavirus SinP1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,453

(atom counts: C: 42,265, H: 42,265, N: 42,265)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,936

(atom counts: C: 23,744, H: 29,680, N: 17,808, O: 5,936)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,185

(atom counts: C: 30,925, H: 30,925, N: 30,925, O: 6,185)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,139

(atom counts: C: 36,556, H: 36,556, N: 18,278, O: 18,278)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,714 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): R

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,591
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2438, Hydrogen: 10.2438, Nitrogen: 10.2438, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7549, Hydrogen: 7.1936, Nitrogen: 4.3161, Oxygen: 1.4387

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4953, Hydrogen: 7.4953, Nitrogen: 7.4953, Oxygen: 1.4991

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8601, Hydrogen: 8.8601, Nitrogen: 4.4301, Oxygen: 4.4301

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3541% (10.2438% + 5.7549% + 7.4953% + 8.8601%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2438% + 7.1936% + 7.4953% + 8.8601%)
Nitrogen: 26.4853% (10.2438% + 4.3161% + 7.4953% + 4.4301%)
Oxygen: 7.3678% (0.0000% + 1.4387% + 1.4991% + 4.4301%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2112% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3004% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2249% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY502924.1

Source: SARS coronavirus TW11

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,456

(atom counts: C: 42,280, H: 42,280, N: 42,280)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,934

(atom counts: C: 23,736, H: 29,670, N: 17,802, O: 5,934)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,187

(atom counts: C: 30,935, H: 30,935, N: 30,935, O: 6,187)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,147

(atom counts: C: 36,588, H: 36,588, N: 18,294, O: 18,294)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,727 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 3
Invalid character(s): YWY

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,738
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.88

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2438, Hydrogen: 10.2438, Nitrogen: 10.2438, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7509, Hydrogen: 7.1886, Nitrogen: 4.3131, Oxygen: 1.4377

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4951, Hydrogen: 7.4951, Nitrogen: 7.4951, Oxygen: 1.4990

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8647, Hydrogen: 8.8647, Nitrogen: 4.4324, Oxygen: 4.4324

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3544% (10.2438% + 5.7509% + 7.4951% + 8.8647%)
Hydrogen: 33.7921% (10.2438% + 7.1886% + 7.4951% + 8.8647%)
Nitrogen: 26.4844% (10.2438% + 4.3131% + 7.4951% + 4.4324%)
Oxygen: 7.3691% (0.0000% + 1.4377% + 1.4990% + 4.4324%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2115% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1365% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3013% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2262% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: DQ412043.1

Source: Bat SARS CoV Rm1/2004

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,499

(atom counts: C: 42,495, H: 42,495, N: 42,495)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,989

(atom counts: C: 23,956, H: 29,945, N: 17,967, O: 5,989)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,242

(atom counts: C: 31,210, H: 31,210, N: 31,210, O: 6,242)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,019

(atom counts: C: 36,076, H: 36,076, N: 18,038, O: 18,038)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,749 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 413,442
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.90

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2783, Hydrogen: 10.2783, Nitrogen: 10.2783, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7943, Hydrogen: 7.2429, Nitrogen: 4.3457, Oxygen: 1.4486

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5488, Hydrogen: 7.5488, Nitrogen: 7.5488, Oxygen: 1.5098

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.7258, Hydrogen: 8.7258, Nitrogen: 4.3629, Oxygen: 4.3629

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3472% (10.2783% + 5.7943% + 7.5488% + 8.7258%)
Hydrogen: 33.7958% (10.2783% + 7.2429% + 7.5488% + 8.7258%)
Nitrogen: 26.5358% (10.2783% + 4.3457% + 7.5488% + 4.3629%)
Oxygen: 7.3212% (0.0000% + 1.4486% + 1.5098% + 4.3629%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2043% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1328% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2499% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.1783% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: HQ890541.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,430

(atom counts: C: 42,150, H: 42,150, N: 42,150)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,926

(atom counts: C: 23,704, H: 29,630, N: 17,778, O: 5,926)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,177

(atom counts: C: 30,885, H: 30,885, N: 30,885, O: 6,177)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,646 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,676
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2386, Hydrogen: 10.2386, Nitrogen: 10.2386, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7579, Hydrogen: 7.1974, Nitrogen: 4.3184, Oxygen: 1.4395

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5023, Hydrogen: 7.5023, Nitrogen: 7.5023, Oxygen: 1.5005

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8545, Hydrogen: 8.8545, Nitrogen: 4.4273, Oxygen: 4.4273

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3534% (10.2386% + 5.7579% + 7.5023% + 8.8545%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2386% + 7.1974% + 7.5023% + 8.8545%)
Nitrogen: 26.4866% (10.2386% + 4.3184% + 7.5023% + 4.4273%)
Oxygen: 7.3672% (0.0000% + 1.4395% + 1.5005% + 4.4273%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2105% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2991% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2243% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY394998.1

Source: SARS coronavirus LC1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,476

(atom counts: C: 42,380, H: 42,380, N: 42,380)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,939

(atom counts: C: 23,756, H: 29,695, N: 17,817, O: 5,939)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,186

(atom counts: C: 30,930, H: 30,930, N: 30,930, O: 6,186)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,135

(atom counts: C: 36,540, H: 36,540, N: 18,270, O: 18,270)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,736 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,943
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2629, Hydrogen: 10.2629, Nitrogen: 10.2629, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7529, Hydrogen: 7.1911, Nitrogen: 4.3146, Oxygen: 1.4382

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4901, Hydrogen: 7.4901, Nitrogen: 7.4901, Oxygen: 1.4980

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8487, Hydrogen: 8.8487, Nitrogen: 4.4243, Oxygen: 4.4243

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3546% (10.2629% + 5.7529% + 7.4901% + 8.8487%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2629% + 7.1911% + 7.4901% + 8.8487%)
Nitrogen: 26.4920% (10.2629% + 4.3146% + 7.4901% + 4.4243%)
Oxygen: 7.3606% (0.0000% + 1.4382% + 1.4980% + 4.4243%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2117% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2937% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2177% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY613947.1

Source: SARS coronavirus GZ0402

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,475

(atom counts: C: 42,375, H: 42,375, N: 42,375)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,931

(atom counts: C: 23,724, H: 29,655, N: 17,793, O: 5,931)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,198

(atom counts: C: 30,990, H: 30,990, N: 30,990, O: 6,198)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,126

(atom counts: C: 36,504, H: 36,504, N: 18,252, O: 18,252)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,730 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,908
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2626, Hydrogen: 10.2626, Nitrogen: 10.2626, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7456, Hydrogen: 7.1820, Nitrogen: 4.3092, Oxygen: 1.4364

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5053, Hydrogen: 7.5053, Nitrogen: 7.5053, Oxygen: 1.5011

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8407, Hydrogen: 8.8407, Nitrogen: 4.4204, Oxygen: 4.4204

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3542% (10.2626% + 5.7456% + 7.5053% + 8.8407%)
Hydrogen: 33.7906% (10.2626% + 7.1820% + 7.5053% + 8.8407%)
Nitrogen: 26.4974% (10.2626% + 4.3092% + 7.5053% + 4.4204%)
Oxygen: 7.3578% (0.0000% + 1.4364% + 1.5011% + 4.4204%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2113% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1380% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2883% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2149% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY310120.1

Source: SARS coronavirus FRA

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,471

(atom counts: C: 42,355, H: 42,355, N: 42,355)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,935

(atom counts: C: 23,740, H: 29,675, N: 17,805, O: 5,935)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,186

(atom counts: C: 30,930, H: 30,930, N: 30,930, O: 6,186)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,148

(atom counts: C: 36,592, H: 36,592, N: 18,296, O: 18,296)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,740 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,972
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2561, Hydrogen: 10.2561, Nitrogen: 10.2561, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7486, Hydrogen: 7.1857, Nitrogen: 4.3114, Oxygen: 1.4371

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4896, Hydrogen: 7.4896, Nitrogen: 7.4896, Oxygen: 1.4979

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8606, Hydrogen: 8.8606, Nitrogen: 4.4303, Oxygen: 4.4303

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3550% (10.2561% + 5.7486% + 7.4896% + 8.8606%)
Hydrogen: 33.7921% (10.2561% + 7.1857% + 7.4896% + 8.8606%)
Nitrogen: 26.4875% (10.2561% + 4.3114% + 7.4896% + 4.4303%)
Oxygen: 7.3654% (0.0000% + 1.4371% + 1.4979% + 4.4303%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2121% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1365% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2982% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2225% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: JF292918.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,430

(atom counts: C: 42,150, H: 42,150, N: 42,150)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,926

(atom counts: C: 23,704, H: 29,630, N: 17,778, O: 5,926)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,177

(atom counts: C: 30,885, H: 30,885, N: 30,885, O: 6,177)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,646 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,676
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2386, Hydrogen: 10.2386, Nitrogen: 10.2386, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7579, Hydrogen: 7.1974, Nitrogen: 4.3184, Oxygen: 1.4395

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5023, Hydrogen: 7.5023, Nitrogen: 7.5023, Oxygen: 1.5005

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8545, Hydrogen: 8.8545, Nitrogen: 4.4273, Oxygen: 4.4273

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3534% (10.2386% + 5.7579% + 7.5023% + 8.8545%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2386% + 7.1974% + 7.5023% + 8.8545%)
Nitrogen: 26.4866% (10.2386% + 4.3184% + 7.5023% + 4.4273%)
Oxygen: 7.3672% (0.0000% + 1.4395% + 1.5005% + 4.4273%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2105% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2991% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2243% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KF514400.1

Source: SARS coronavirus wtic-MB

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,443

(atom counts: C: 42,215, H: 42,215, N: 42,215)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,937

(atom counts: C: 23,748, H: 29,685, N: 17,811, O: 5,937)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,183

(atom counts: C: 30,915, H: 30,915, N: 30,915, O: 6,183)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,123

(atom counts: C: 36,492, H: 36,492, N: 18,246, O: 18,246)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,687 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): R

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,230
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2406, Hydrogen: 10.2406, Nitrogen: 10.2406, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7609, Hydrogen: 7.2011, Nitrogen: 4.3206, Oxygen: 1.4402

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4995, Hydrogen: 7.4995, Nitrogen: 7.4995, Oxygen: 1.4999

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8523, Hydrogen: 8.8523, Nitrogen: 4.4262, Oxygen: 4.4262

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3533% (10.2406% + 5.7609% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Hydrogen: 33.7935% (10.2406% + 7.2011% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Nitrogen: 26.4869% (10.2406% + 4.3206% + 7.4995% + 4.4262%)
Oxygen: 7.3663% (0.0000% + 1.4402% + 1.4999% + 4.4262%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2104% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1351% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2988% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2234% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: FJ882926.1

Source: SARS coronavirus ExoN1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,436

(atom counts: C: 42,180, H: 42,180, N: 42,180)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,938

(atom counts: C: 23,752, H: 29,690, N: 17,814, O: 5,938)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,179

(atom counts: C: 30,895, H: 30,895, N: 30,895, O: 6,179)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,122

(atom counts: C: 36,488, H: 36,488, N: 18,244, O: 18,244)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,675 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,062
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2363, Hydrogen: 10.2363, Nitrogen: 10.2363, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7642, Hydrogen: 7.2052, Nitrogen: 4.3231, Oxygen: 1.4410

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4977, Hydrogen: 7.4977, Nitrogen: 7.4977, Oxygen: 1.4995

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8550, Hydrogen: 8.8550, Nitrogen: 4.4275, Oxygen: 4.4275

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3531% (10.2363% + 5.7642% + 7.4977% + 8.8550%)
Hydrogen: 33.7942% (10.2363% + 7.2052% + 7.4977% + 8.8550%)
Nitrogen: 26.4846% (10.2363% + 4.3231% + 7.4977% + 4.4275%)
Oxygen: 7.3681% (0.0000% + 1.4410% + 1.4995% + 4.4275%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2102% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1344% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3011% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2252% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: JF292910.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,429

(atom counts: C: 42,145, H: 42,145, N: 42,145)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,926

(atom counts: C: 23,704, H: 29,630, N: 17,778, O: 5,926)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,177

(atom counts: C: 30,885, H: 30,885, N: 30,885, O: 6,177)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,646 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): W

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,661
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2378, Hydrogen: 10.2378, Nitrogen: 10.2378, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7581, Hydrogen: 7.1977, Nitrogen: 4.3186, Oxygen: 1.4395

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5025, Hydrogen: 7.5025, Nitrogen: 7.5025, Oxygen: 1.5005

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8549, Hydrogen: 8.8549, Nitrogen: 4.4274, Oxygen: 4.4274

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3533% (10.2378% + 5.7581% + 7.5025% + 8.8549%)
Hydrogen: 33.7929% (10.2378% + 7.1977% + 7.5025% + 8.8549%)
Nitrogen: 26.4864% (10.2378% + 4.3186% + 7.5025% + 4.4274%)
Oxygen: 7.3675% (0.0000% + 1.4395% + 1.5005% + 4.4274%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2104% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1357% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2993% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2246% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY394986.1

Source: SARS coronavirus HSZ-Cb

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,475

(atom counts: C: 42,375, H: 42,375, N: 42,375)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,933

(atom counts: C: 23,732, H: 29,665, N: 17,799, O: 5,933)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,187

(atom counts: C: 30,935, H: 30,935, N: 30,935, O: 6,187)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,134

(atom counts: C: 36,536, H: 36,536, N: 18,268, O: 18,268)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,729 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,854
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2639, Hydrogen: 10.2639, Nitrogen: 10.2639, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7483, Hydrogen: 7.1853, Nitrogen: 4.3112, Oxygen: 1.4371

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4930, Hydrogen: 7.4930, Nitrogen: 7.4930, Oxygen: 1.4986

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8496, Hydrogen: 8.8496, Nitrogen: 4.4248, Oxygen: 4.4248

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3548% (10.2639% + 5.7483% + 7.4930% + 8.8496%)
Hydrogen: 33.7918% (10.2639% + 7.1853% + 7.4930% + 8.8496%)
Nitrogen: 26.4929% (10.2639% + 4.3112% + 7.4930% + 4.4248%)
Oxygen: 7.3605% (0.0000% + 1.4371% + 1.4986% + 4.4248%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2119% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1368% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2928% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2176% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY559083.1

Source: SARS coronavirus Sin3408

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,402

(atom counts: C: 42,010, H: 42,010, N: 42,010)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,893

(atom counts: C: 23,572, H: 29,465, N: 17,679, O: 5,893)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,140

(atom counts: C: 30,700, H: 30,700, N: 30,700, O: 6,140)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,068

(atom counts: C: 36,272, H: 36,272, N: 18,136, O: 18,136)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,767 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 264
Invalid character(s): N count(263), other(1)

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 409,695
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.76

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2540, Hydrogen: 10.2540, Nitrogen: 10.2540, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7535, Hydrogen: 7.1919, Nitrogen: 4.3152, Oxygen: 1.4384

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4934, Hydrogen: 7.4934, Nitrogen: 7.4934, Oxygen: 1.4987

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8534, Hydrogen: 8.8534, Nitrogen: 4.4267, Oxygen: 4.4267

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3543% (10.2540% + 5.7535% + 7.4934% + 8.8534%)
Hydrogen: 33.7927% (10.2540% + 7.1919% + 7.4934% + 8.8534%)
Nitrogen: 26.4892% (10.2540% + 4.3152% + 7.4934% + 4.4267%)
Oxygen: 7.3638% (0.0000% + 1.4384% + 1.4987% + 4.4267%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2114% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1359% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2965% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2209% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY545918.1

Source: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,465

(atom counts: C: 42,325, H: 42,325, N: 42,325)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,945

(atom counts: C: 23,780, H: 29,725, N: 17,835, O: 5,945)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,202

(atom counts: C: 31,010, H: 31,010, N: 31,010, O: 6,202)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,125

(atom counts: C: 36,500, H: 36,500, N: 18,250, O: 18,250)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,737 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,992
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2484, Hydrogen: 10.2484, Nitrogen: 10.2484, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7580, Hydrogen: 7.1975, Nitrogen: 4.3185, Oxygen: 1.4395

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5086, Hydrogen: 7.5086, Nitrogen: 7.5086, Oxygen: 1.5017

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8379, Hydrogen: 8.8379, Nitrogen: 4.4190, Oxygen: 4.4190

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3529% (10.2484% + 5.7580% + 7.5086% + 8.8379%)
Hydrogen: 33.7924% (10.2484% + 7.1975% + 7.5086% + 8.8379%)
Nitrogen: 26.4945% (10.2484% + 4.3185% + 7.5086% + 4.4190%)
Oxygen: 7.3602% (0.0000% + 1.4395% + 1.5017% + 4.4190%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2100% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1362% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2912% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2173% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY559095.1

Source: SARS coronavirus Sin847

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,453

(atom counts: C: 42,265, H: 42,265, N: 42,265)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,937

(atom counts: C: 23,748, H: 29,685, N: 17,811, O: 5,937)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,186

(atom counts: C: 30,930, H: 30,930, N: 30,930, O: 6,186)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,143

(atom counts: C: 36,572, H: 36,572, N: 18,286, O: 18,286)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,719 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,668
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2419, Hydrogen: 10.2419, Nitrogen: 10.2419, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7547, Hydrogen: 7.1934, Nitrogen: 4.3161, Oxygen: 1.4387

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4951, Hydrogen: 7.4951, Nitrogen: 7.4951, Oxygen: 1.4990

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8623, Hydrogen: 8.8623, Nitrogen: 4.4312, Oxygen: 4.4312

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3541% (10.2419% + 5.7547% + 7.4951% + 8.8623%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2419% + 7.1934% + 7.4951% + 8.8623%)
Nitrogen: 26.4842% (10.2419% + 4.3161% + 7.4951% + 4.4312%)
Oxygen: 7.3689% (0.0000% + 1.4387% + 1.4990% + 4.4312%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2112% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3015% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2260% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY864805.1

Source: SARS coronavirus BJ162

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,481

(atom counts: C: 42,405, H: 42,405, N: 42,405)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,943

(atom counts: C: 23,772, H: 29,715, N: 17,829, O: 5,943)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,187

(atom counts: C: 30,935, H: 30,935, N: 30,935, O: 6,187)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,140

(atom counts: C: 36,560, H: 36,560, N: 18,280, O: 18,280)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,751 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 413,146
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2639, Hydrogen: 10.2639, Nitrogen: 10.2639, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7539, Hydrogen: 7.1924, Nitrogen: 4.3154, Oxygen: 1.4385

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4877, Hydrogen: 7.4877, Nitrogen: 7.4877, Oxygen: 1.4975

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8492, Hydrogen: 8.8492, Nitrogen: 4.4246, Oxygen: 4.4246

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3547% (10.2639% + 5.7539% + 7.4877% + 8.8492%)
Hydrogen: 33.7931% (10.2639% + 7.1924% + 7.4877% + 8.8492%)
Nitrogen: 26.4916% (10.2639% + 4.3154% + 7.4877% + 4.4246%)
Oxygen: 7.3606% (0.0000% + 1.4385% + 1.4975% + 4.4246%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2118% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1355% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2941% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2177% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY394979.1

Source: SARS coronavirus GZ-C

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,448

(atom counts: C: 42,240, H: 42,240, N: 42,240)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,912

(atom counts: C: 23,648, H: 29,560, N: 17,736, O: 5,912)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,175

(atom counts: C: 30,875, H: 30,875, N: 30,875, O: 6,175)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,110

(atom counts: C: 36,440, H: 36,440, N: 18,220, O: 18,220)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,645 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,696
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2600, Hydrogen: 10.2600, Nitrogen: 10.2600, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7440, Hydrogen: 7.1801, Nitrogen: 4.3080, Oxygen: 1.4360

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4995, Hydrogen: 7.4995, Nitrogen: 7.4995, Oxygen: 1.4999

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8512, Hydrogen: 8.8512, Nitrogen: 4.4256, Oxygen: 4.4256

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3547% (10.2600% + 5.7440% + 7.4995% + 8.8512%)
Hydrogen: 33.7907% (10.2600% + 7.1801% + 7.4995% + 8.8512%)
Nitrogen: 26.4931% (10.2600% + 4.3080% + 7.4995% + 4.4256%)
Oxygen: 7.3615% (0.0000% + 1.4360% + 1.4999% + 4.4256%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2118% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1379% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2926% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2186% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KY417150.1

Source: Bat SARS-like coronavirus

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,640

(atom counts: C: 43,200, H: 43,200, N: 43,200)

Cytosine ('C') count: 6,079

(atom counts: C: 24,316, H: 30,395, N: 18,237, O: 6,079)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,314

(atom counts: C: 31,570, H: 31,570, N: 31,570, O: 6,314)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,278

(atom counts: C: 37,112, H: 37,112, N: 18,556, O: 18,556)

Valid Nucleotide count: 30,311 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 420,987
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2616, Hydrogen: 10.2616, Nitrogen: 10.2616, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7760, Hydrogen: 7.2199, Nitrogen: 4.3320, Oxygen: 1.4440

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4990, Hydrogen: 7.4990, Nitrogen: 7.4990, Oxygen: 1.4998

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8155, Hydrogen: 8.8155, Nitrogen: 4.4077, Oxygen: 4.4077

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3521% (10.2616% + 5.7760% + 7.4990% + 8.8155%)
Hydrogen: 33.7961% (10.2616% + 7.2199% + 7.4990% + 8.8155%)
Nitrogen: 26.5003% (10.2616% + 4.3320% + 7.4990% + 4.4077%)
Oxygen: 7.3515% (0.0000% + 1.4440% + 1.4998% + 4.4077%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2092% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1325% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2854% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2086% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KF514415.1

Source: SARS coronavirus wtic-MB

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,443

(atom counts: C: 42,215, H: 42,215, N: 42,215)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,937

(atom counts: C: 23,748, H: 29,685, N: 17,811, O: 5,937)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,183

(atom counts: C: 30,915, H: 30,915, N: 30,915, O: 6,183)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,123

(atom counts: C: 36,492, H: 36,492, N: 18,246, O: 18,246)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,687 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 1
Invalid character(s): R

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,230
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2406, Hydrogen: 10.2406, Nitrogen: 10.2406, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7609, Hydrogen: 7.2011, Nitrogen: 4.3206, Oxygen: 1.4402

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4995, Hydrogen: 7.4995, Nitrogen: 7.4995, Oxygen: 1.4999

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8523, Hydrogen: 8.8523, Nitrogen: 4.4262, Oxygen: 4.4262

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3533% (10.2406% + 5.7609% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Hydrogen: 33.7935% (10.2406% + 7.2011% + 7.4995% + 8.8523%)
Nitrogen: 26.4869% (10.2406% + 4.3206% + 7.4995% + 4.4262%)
Oxygen: 7.3663% (0.0000% + 1.4402% + 1.4999% + 4.4262%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2104% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1351% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2988% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2234% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY394994.1

Source: SARS coronavirus HSZ-Bc

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,486

(atom counts: C: 42,430, H: 42,430, N: 42,430)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,949

(atom counts: C: 23,796, H: 29,745, N: 17,847, O: 5,949)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,192

(atom counts: C: 30,960, H: 30,960, N: 30,960, O: 6,192)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,138

(atom counts: C: 36,552, H: 36,552, N: 18,276, O: 18,276)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,765 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 413,355
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2648, Hydrogen: 10.2648, Nitrogen: 10.2648, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7568, Hydrogen: 7.1960, Nitrogen: 4.3176, Oxygen: 1.4392

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4899, Hydrogen: 7.4899, Nitrogen: 7.4899, Oxygen: 1.4980

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8428, Hydrogen: 8.8428, Nitrogen: 4.4214, Oxygen: 4.4214

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3543% (10.2648% + 5.7568% + 7.4899% + 8.8428%)
Hydrogen: 33.7935% (10.2648% + 7.1960% + 7.4899% + 8.8428%)
Nitrogen: 26.4937% (10.2648% + 4.3176% + 7.4899% + 4.4214%)
Oxygen: 7.3586% (0.0000% + 1.4392% + 1.4980% + 4.4214%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2114% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1351% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2920% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2157% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KY417148.1

Source: Bat SARS-like coronavirus

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,498

(atom counts: C: 42,490, H: 42,490, N: 42,490)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,972

(atom counts: C: 23,888, H: 29,860, N: 17,916, O: 5,972)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,217

(atom counts: C: 31,085, H: 31,085, N: 31,085, O: 6,217)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,056

(atom counts: C: 36,224, H: 36,224, N: 18,112, O: 18,112)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,743 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 413,250
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2819, Hydrogen: 10.2819, Nitrogen: 10.2819, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7805, Hydrogen: 7.2257, Nitrogen: 4.3354, Oxygen: 1.4451

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5221, Hydrogen: 7.5221, Nitrogen: 7.5221, Oxygen: 1.5044

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.7656, Hydrogen: 8.7656, Nitrogen: 4.3828, Oxygen: 4.3828

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3502% (10.2819% + 5.7805% + 7.5221% + 8.7656%)
Hydrogen: 33.7953% (10.2819% + 7.2257% + 7.5221% + 8.7656%)
Nitrogen: 26.5222% (10.2819% + 4.3354% + 7.5221% + 4.3828%)
Oxygen: 7.3324% (0.0000% + 1.4451% + 1.5044% + 4.3828%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2073% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1333% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2635% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.1895% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: JQ316196.1

Source: SARS coronavirus HKU-39849

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,455

(atom counts: C: 42,275, H: 42,275, N: 42,275)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,939

(atom counts: C: 23,756, H: 29,695, N: 17,817, O: 5,939)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,188

(atom counts: C: 30,940, H: 30,940, N: 30,940, O: 6,188)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,145

(atom counts: C: 36,580, H: 36,580, N: 18,290, O: 18,290)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,727 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,780
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2415, Hydrogen: 10.2415, Nitrogen: 10.2415, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7551, Hydrogen: 7.1939, Nitrogen: 4.3163, Oxygen: 1.4388

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4955, Hydrogen: 7.4955, Nitrogen: 7.4955, Oxygen: 1.4991

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8619, Hydrogen: 8.8619, Nitrogen: 4.4309, Oxygen: 4.4309

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3540% (10.2415% + 5.7551% + 7.4955% + 8.8619%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2415% + 7.1939% + 7.4955% + 8.8619%)
Nitrogen: 26.4843% (10.2415% + 4.3163% + 7.4955% + 4.4309%)
Oxygen: 7.3688% (0.0000% + 1.4388% + 1.4991% + 4.4309%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2111% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3014% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2259% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY278491.2

Source: SARS coronavirus HKU-39849

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,475

(atom counts: C: 42,375, H: 42,375, N: 42,375)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,942

(atom counts: C: 23,768, H: 29,710, N: 17,826, O: 5,942)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,183

(atom counts: C: 30,915, H: 30,915, N: 30,915, O: 6,183)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,142

(atom counts: C: 36,568, H: 36,568, N: 18,284, O: 18,284)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,742 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 413,003
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2602, Hydrogen: 10.2602, Nitrogen: 10.2602, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7549, Hydrogen: 7.1937, Nitrogen: 4.3162, Oxygen: 1.4387

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4854, Hydrogen: 7.4854, Nitrogen: 7.4854, Oxygen: 1.4971

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8542, Hydrogen: 8.8542, Nitrogen: 4.4271, Oxygen: 4.4271

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3547% (10.2602% + 5.7549% + 7.4854% + 8.8542%)
Hydrogen: 33.7935% (10.2602% + 7.1937% + 7.4854% + 8.8542%)
Nitrogen: 26.4889% (10.2602% + 4.3162% + 7.4854% + 4.4271%)
Oxygen: 7.3629% (0.0000% + 1.4387% + 1.4971% + 4.4271%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2118% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1351% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2968% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2200% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY568539.1

Source: SARS coronavirus GZ0401

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,437

(atom counts: C: 42,185, H: 42,185, N: 42,185)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,922

(atom counts: C: 23,688, H: 29,610, N: 17,766, O: 5,922)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,177

(atom counts: C: 30,885, H: 30,885, N: 30,885, O: 6,177)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,080

(atom counts: C: 36,320, H: 36,320, N: 18,160, O: 18,160)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,730 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 114
Invalid character(s): N count(114)

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,333
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.84

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2557, Hydrogen: 10.2557, Nitrogen: 10.2557, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7588, Hydrogen: 7.1985, Nitrogen: 4.3191, Oxygen: 1.4397

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5085, Hydrogen: 7.5085, Nitrogen: 7.5085, Oxygen: 1.5017

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8298, Hydrogen: 8.8298, Nitrogen: 4.4149, Oxygen: 4.4149

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3529% (10.2557% + 5.7588% + 7.5085% + 8.8298%)
Hydrogen: 33.7926% (10.2557% + 7.1985% + 7.5085% + 8.8298%)
Nitrogen: 26.4982% (10.2557% + 4.3191% + 7.5085% + 4.4149%)
Oxygen: 7.3563% (0.0000% + 1.4397% + 1.5017% + 4.4149%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2100% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1360% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2875% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2134% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY345986.1

Source: SARS coronavirus CUHK-AG01

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,476

(atom counts: C: 42,380, H: 42,380, N: 42,380)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,939

(atom counts: C: 23,756, H: 29,695, N: 17,817, O: 5,939)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,186

(atom counts: C: 30,930, H: 30,930, N: 30,930, O: 6,186)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,135

(atom counts: C: 36,540, H: 36,540, N: 18,270, O: 18,270)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,736 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,943
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2629, Hydrogen: 10.2629, Nitrogen: 10.2629, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7529, Hydrogen: 7.1911, Nitrogen: 4.3146, Oxygen: 1.4382

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4901, Hydrogen: 7.4901, Nitrogen: 7.4901, Oxygen: 1.4980

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8487, Hydrogen: 8.8487, Nitrogen: 4.4243, Oxygen: 4.4243

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3546% (10.2629% + 5.7529% + 7.4901% + 8.8487%)
Hydrogen: 33.7928% (10.2629% + 7.1911% + 7.4901% + 8.8487%)
Nitrogen: 26.4920% (10.2629% + 4.3146% + 7.4901% + 4.4243%)
Oxygen: 7.3606% (0.0000% + 1.4382% + 1.4980% + 4.4243%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2117% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1358% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2937% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2177% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: JF292904.1

Source: SARS coronavirus MA15 ExoN1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,427

(atom counts: C: 42,135, H: 42,135, N: 42,135)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,927

(atom counts: C: 23,708, H: 29,635, N: 17,781, O: 5,927)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,176

(atom counts: C: 30,880, H: 30,880, N: 30,880, O: 6,176)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,645 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 2
Invalid character(s): MY

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 411,628
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2362, Hydrogen: 10.2362, Nitrogen: 10.2362, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7596, Hydrogen: 7.1995, Nitrogen: 4.3197, Oxygen: 1.4399

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5019, Hydrogen: 7.5019, Nitrogen: 7.5019, Oxygen: 1.5004

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8556, Hydrogen: 8.8556, Nitrogen: 4.4278, Oxygen: 4.4278

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3532% (10.2362% + 5.7596% + 7.5019% + 8.8556%)
Hydrogen: 33.7931% (10.2362% + 7.1995% + 7.5019% + 8.8556%)
Nitrogen: 26.4856% (10.2362% + 4.3197% + 7.5019% + 4.4278%)
Oxygen: 7.3681% (0.0000% + 1.4399% + 1.5004% + 4.4278%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2103% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1355% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.3001% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2252% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY394996.1

Source: SARS coronavirus ZS-B

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,465

(atom counts: C: 42,325, H: 42,325, N: 42,325)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,933

(atom counts: C: 23,732, H: 29,665, N: 17,799, O: 5,933)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,172

(atom counts: C: 30,860, H: 30,860, N: 30,860, O: 6,172)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,113

(atom counts: C: 36,452, H: 36,452, N: 18,226, O: 18,226)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,683 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,212
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2678, Hydrogen: 10.2678, Nitrogen: 10.2678, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7572, Hydrogen: 7.1965, Nitrogen: 4.3179, Oxygen: 1.4393

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4864, Hydrogen: 7.4864, Nitrogen: 7.4864, Oxygen: 1.4973

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8430, Hydrogen: 8.8430, Nitrogen: 4.4215, Oxygen: 4.4215

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3545% (10.2678% + 5.7572% + 7.4864% + 8.8430%)
Hydrogen: 33.7938% (10.2678% + 7.1965% + 7.4864% + 8.8430%)
Nitrogen: 26.4936% (10.2678% + 4.3179% + 7.4864% + 4.4215%)
Oxygen: 7.3581% (0.0000% + 1.4393% + 1.4973% + 4.4215%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2116% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1348% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2921% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2152% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: AY559094.1

Source: SARS coronavirus Sin846

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,418

(atom counts: C: 42,090, H: 42,090, N: 42,090)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,909

(atom counts: C: 23,636, H: 29,545, N: 17,727, O: 5,909)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,169

(atom counts: C: 30,845, H: 30,845, N: 30,845, O: 6,169)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,081

(atom counts: C: 36,324, H: 36,324, N: 18,162, O: 18,162)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,577 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 410,763
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2468, Hydrogen: 10.2468, Nitrogen: 10.2468, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7542, Hydrogen: 7.1927, Nitrogen: 4.3156, Oxygen: 1.4385

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.5092, Hydrogen: 7.5092, Nitrogen: 7.5092, Oxygen: 1.5018

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8431, Hydrogen: 8.8431, Nitrogen: 4.4215, Oxygen: 4.4215

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3532% (10.2468% + 5.7542% + 7.5092% + 8.8431%)
Hydrogen: 33.7917% (10.2468% + 7.1927% + 7.5092% + 8.8431%)
Nitrogen: 26.4931% (10.2468% + 4.3156% + 7.5092% + 4.4215%)
Oxygen: 7.3619% (0.0000% + 1.4385% + 1.5018% + 4.4215%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2103% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1369% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2926% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2190% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KF514401.1

Source: SARS coronavirus ExoN1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,442

(atom counts: C: 42,210, H: 42,210, N: 42,210)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,941

(atom counts: C: 23,764, H: 29,705, N: 17,823, O: 5,941)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,182

(atom counts: C: 30,910, H: 30,910, N: 30,910, O: 6,182)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,122

(atom counts: C: 36,488, H: 36,488, N: 18,244, O: 18,244)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,687 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,239
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2392, Hydrogen: 10.2392, Nitrogen: 10.2392, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7646, Hydrogen: 7.2058, Nitrogen: 4.3235, Oxygen: 1.4412

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4981, Hydrogen: 7.4981, Nitrogen: 7.4981, Oxygen: 1.4996

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8512, Hydrogen: 8.8512, Nitrogen: 4.4256, Oxygen: 4.4256

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3531% (10.2392% + 5.7646% + 7.4981% + 8.8512%)
Hydrogen: 33.7942% (10.2392% + 7.2058% + 7.4981% + 8.8512%)
Nitrogen: 26.4863% (10.2392% + 4.3235% + 7.4981% + 4.4256%)
Oxygen: 7.3664% (0.0000% + 1.4412% + 1.4996% + 4.4256%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2102% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1344% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2994% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2235% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---

Genbank File Genome link: KF514390.1

Source: SARS coronavirus ExoN1

ACGT Nucleotide Counts:

Adenine ('A') count: 8,442

(atom counts: C: 42,210, H: 42,210, N: 42,210)

Cytosine ('C') count: 5,941

(atom counts: C: 23,764, H: 29,705, N: 17,823, O: 5,941)

Guanine ('G') count: 6,182

(atom counts: C: 30,910, H: 30,910, N: 30,910, O: 6,182)

Uracil ('U') count: 9,122

(atom counts: C: 36,488, H: 36,488, N: 18,244, O: 18,244)

Valid Nucleotide count: 29,687 bp
Invalid Nucleotide count: 0
Invalid character(s): n/a

Atom content:

Total Atoms: 412,239
Atoms Per Nucleotide: 13.89

ACGT Atom Percents:

Adenine ('A'):

Carbon: 10.2392, Hydrogen: 10.2392, Nitrogen: 10.2392, Oxygen: 0.0000

Cytosine ('C'):

Carbon: 5.7646, Hydrogen: 7.2058, Nitrogen: 4.3235, Oxygen: 1.4412

Guanine ('G'):

Carbon: 7.4981, Hydrogen: 7.4981, Nitrogen: 7.4981, Oxygen: 1.4996

Uracil ('U'):

Carbon: 8.8512, Hydrogen: 8.8512, Nitrogen: 4.4256, Oxygen: 4.4256

Atom percent sums (see ACGT Atom Percents above):

Carbon: 32.3531% (10.2392% + 5.7646% + 7.4981% + 8.8512%)
Hydrogen: 33.7942% (10.2392% + 7.2058% + 7.4981% + 8.8512%)
Nitrogen: 26.4863% (10.2392% + 4.3235% + 7.4981% + 4.4256%)
Oxygen: 7.3664% (0.0000% + 1.4412% + 1.4996% + 4.4256%)

Total percent: 100%

Atom variation from ~(32/33/26/7) constant (see Atom percent sums):

Carbon: 0.2102% (> constant: 32.1429%)
Hydrogen: -0.1344% (< constant: 33.9286%)
Nitrogen: -0.2994% (< constant: 26.7857%)
Oxygen: 0.2235% (> constant: 7.1429%)

---