Saturday, November 20, 2021

Heretics Deny The Dark Matter of Faith - 4

I. Introduction

This series began over a decade ago (Rebel Science: The Dark Matter of Faith) and was extended under Heretics Deny The Dark Matter of Faith, 2, 3.

The gist of the theme in this series is that 'knowledge' can be or become 'faith' or 'belief' if we are not careful (The Pillars of Knowledge: Faith and Trust?).

The scientific 'knowledge' involved is or has been controversial rather than being a consensus, but less so since, as time goes on, the universities promote dark matter cognition over others (see Fig. 1 link).

Fig. 2 Where Da Stuff At?
For example, "WIMP Wars: Astronomers and Physicists Remain Skeptical of Long-Standing Dark Matter Claim", which is a Scientific American magazine article cited earlier in this series (Fig. 2). 

There are still 'diehards' on both sides of the issue (Heretics Deny The Dark Matter of Faith - 3, cf. "astrophysicist Henri Reboul discovered that over thirty categories of redshift theories have been proposed over the years in over 200 papers" at Redshift Types).

II. Remodeling of The Hypotheses

The origin of red shift thinking associated with the Hubble Constant had its problems (Sorry, Astronomy Fans, The Hubble Constant Isn't A Constant At All, cf. Hubble's law).

That and other issues led to projects that remodeled the hypotheses (e.g. Georges Lemaître, George Gamow).

When all that did not clear it up for everyone, along came the Dark Matter hypothesis, which, as pointed out in previous posts linked to above in Section I, has its own problematic metamorphosis.

III. Some Elementary Considerations

In today's Appendix, I present three HTML tables that, in my opinion, show the difficulty in believing or trusting completely that the Big Bang hypothesis is straight-forward.

The 'thought experiment' in the appendix contains three tables showing that gravity ('the weak force') takes too long of a time to bring things together within the current ~13.8 billion year old Big Bang time frame.

One table shows the length of time it would take to bring our Sun and various single stars into contact, another table shows the length of time it would take to bring various dust clouds at various distances and sizes together to form more dense orbs, while the final table shows how long it would take for gravity to move hydrogen atoms into contact with each other over the distance of a nano-meter.

IV. More Detailed Considerations

Several Dredd Blog series detail the even more difficult explanations required in order to reconcile the various dark matter hypotheses (The Uncertain Gene, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11; Putting A Face On Machine Mutation, 2, 3, 4; The Machine Religion, 2, 3; The New Paradigm: The Physical Universe Is Mostly Machine; Did Abiotic Intelligence Precede Biotic Intelligence?; On the Origin of the Genes of Viruses, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16).

Those posts detail the incredible dynamics involved in the utterly complex situations required in the progression imagined in the Big Bang and subsequent evolutionary hypotheses (Quantum Biology - 9). 

Some scientists call them "embarrassments" or worse (see video below).

The previous post in this series is here.



Appendix Dark Matter

This is an appendix to Heretics Deny The Dark Matter of Faith - 4


Table 1 Formulas, Constants, & Variables Used


Formula: g = G * (Dust Cloud mass / r2) (gravitational acceleration)

Constants:
secs_day = (60.0 * 60.0) * 24.0
secs_year = secs_day * 365.25
G = 6.67e-11 (gravitational constant)
Variables:
r = distance (between centers) of dust clouds (m)

Table 1 Legend:
"Cloud A" and "Cloud B" mean two "clouds" of matter in the vacuum of space.

"Dist (m)" means the distance, in meters, between the two clouds of matter.

"mass (kg)" means the individual mass of each cloud (equal mass).

"contact (yrs)" means the time, in years, it would take for gravity to bring them in contact with one another.


Table 1: Calculations of various gravitational interactions (Cloud A to Cloud B)

Cloud A Cloud B Dist (m) mass (kg) contact (yrs)
DC-1A DC-1B 1 1 121
DC-2A DC-2B 10 10 1,191
DC-3A DC-3B 100 100 11,881
DC-4A DC-4B 1000 1000 118,775
DC-5A DC-5B 10,000 10,000 1,187,714
DC-6A DC-6B 100,000 100,000 11,877,100
DC-7A DC-7B 1,000,000 1,000,000 118,770,950
DC-8A DC-8B 10,000,000 10,000,000 1,187,709,445




Table 2 Formulas, Constants, & Variables Used


Formula: g = G * (star's mass / r2) (gravitational acceleration)

Constants:
secs_day = (60.0 * 60.0) * 24.0
secs_year = secs_day * 365.25
G = 6.67e-11 (gravitational constant)
Sun's mass = 1.98847e+30 kg
Variables:
r = distance (between centers) of Sun & Star (m)

Table 2 Legend:

"Star" column lists the names of stars in the vacuum of space.

"Dist (L yrs)" means the distance, in light years, between the Star and the Sun.

"Dist (km)" means the distance, in kilometers, between the Star and the Sun.

"mass (kg)" means the individual mass of the Star.

"contact (yrs)" is the time, in years, it would take for gravity to bring them in contact with one another.

Table 2: Calculations of various gravitational interactions (Sun to Stars)

Star Dist (L yrs) Dist (km) mass (kg) contact (yrs)
Proxima Centauri 4.22723 3.99927e+13 2.44582e+29 170,143
Barnard's Star 5.94924 5.62842e+13 3.14178e+29 326,806
Lalande 21185 8.30799 7.85997e+13 8.01353e+29 526,027
Kapteyn's Star 12.759 1.20709e+14 5.5876e+29 1,358,802
Altair 16.7324 1.58301e+14 3.97694e+30 997,856
Vega 25.0479 2.36971e+14 6.1046e+30 1,648,239
Fomalhaut 25.1291 2.3774e+14 4.57348e+30 2,046,028
Pollux 33.7891 3.1967e+14 5.56772e+30 3,212,481
Denebola 35.8817 3.39467e+14 4.57348e+30 4,171,605
Arcturus 36.722 3.47417e+14 6.7608e+30 3,276,959
Achernar 139.461 1.3194e+15 1.27262e+31 28,102,480
Betelgeuse 498.015 4.71159e+15 3.97694e+31 126,280,436
Enif 689.641 6.52451e+15 1.98847e+31 462,300,078



Table 3 Formulas, Constants, & Variables Used


Formula: g = G * (H atoms mass / r2) (gravitational acceleration)

Constants:
secs_day = (60.0 * 60.0) * 24.0
secs_year = secs_day * 365.25
G = 6.67e-11 (gravitational constant)
Variables:
r = distance (between center) of atoms (m)

Table 3 Legend:

"Group A & Group B" columns mean hydrogen atom groups in the vacuum of space.

"Dist (m)" means the distance, in meters, between groups.

"mass per group (kg)" means the individual mass of each group.

"atoms per group" means number of hydrogen atoms in each group.

"contact (yrs)" is the time, in years, it would take gravity to bring them in contact with one another.

Calculations of various gravitational interactions
(Atom Group A to Atom group B)


Group A Group B Dist
(m)
mass per
group (kg)
atoms
per group
contact (yrs)
atoms-1A atoms-1B 1e-09 1.67e-21 1e+06 71,124
atoms-2A atoms-2B 2e-09 3.34e-21 2e+06 142,245
atoms-3A atoms-3B 3e-09 5.01e-21 3e+06 213,365
atoms-4A atoms-4B 4e-09 6.68e-21 4e+06 284,486
atoms-5A atoms-5B 5e-09 8.35e-21 5e+06 355,606
atoms-6A atoms-6B 6e-09 1.002e-20 6e+06 426,726
atoms-7A atoms-7B 7e-09 1.169e-20 7e+06 497,847
atoms-8Aatoms-8B8e-091.336e-208e+06568,967

Friday, November 19, 2021

Gerrymandering - Geological Deceit? - 7

Move along folks, nothing to see here
In "ancient" history (January 2009) Dredd Blog began to warn of a political overthrow of the machinations of voting in the U.S.A. (Gerrymandering - Geological Deceit?, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

Proper analysis of this topic requires an understanding of proper and improper ways of handling voting rights.

"Redistricting" is a valid factor of the U.S. Constitution, as a function of the constitutional census required every ten years (Census dot gov).

"Gerrymandering" is "redistricting in bad faith" in order to secure endless power for a despotic minority (How To Identify The Despotic Minority, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14).

Concerning this issue, the mainstream media and the non-despotic majority have remained in their typical infantile trance (Choose Your Trances Carefully, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).

They are afraid of the 'g word' (The redistricting apocalypse is here) ... so that headline should read "The Gerrymandering Apocalypse is here".

They should understand the difference but don't really want to discuss it (Gerrymandering Apocalypse, not Redistricting Apocalypse:  The redistricting apocalypse is here, This is what gerrymandering looks like). 

Language has an impact on lives, thus Good Nomenclature: A Matter of Life and Death.

Is civilization becoming a misanthrope by way of bad nomenclature (No Signal? Just Noise?) ?

The previous post in this series is here.