Dredd Blog: 2018-10-14

Fig. 1a

Fig. 1b

Fig. 1c

This series points out why a great heatwave of hot water is not what is melting tidewater glaciers (Hot, Warm, & Cold Thermal Facts: Tidewater-Glaciers, 2, 3, 4, 5).

All that is required to melt tidewater glaciers is seawater that is less cold than those tidewater glaciers.

The speed of melt is what is impacted by the temperature difference between the subsurface glacier ice and the seawater in contact with it.

Generally, a one degree difference will cause a slower melt than a three degree difference.

But there are exceptions, such as amount of salinity or refreshing currents which bring in new seawater with more potency.

The importance of that can be discerned by graphics at Fig. 1a - Fig. 1c.

The story begins with a time line which depicts years of temperature variation between the seawater temperature and the temperature of the glacial ice in contact with the seawater (Fig. 1a).

Next is the contact with the ice face of the tidewater glacier (Fig. 1b).

That contact leads to the scenario in Fig. 1c, where a new entity, melt water (the green color between the cyan color and the blue color), appears on the scene.

The basic dynamic at work that causes the melting is a matter of energy transfer described by the Second Law of Thermodynamics:

Now that we have been brave enough to admit the existence of thermal contraction, we can consider the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

I mean that we can do so at least in the sense of the movement of heat in the oceans (which has one and only one direction) which is from warm to cold (NASA, Univ. of Winnipeg).

(On Thermal Expansion & Thermal Contraction - 26). The energy in the form of heat in the cold (but warmer than ice) water contacting the glacial ice flows spontaneously into the colder ice mass.

When enough energy has entered into the ice mass it causes the ice to exceed the temperature of ice, so it changes in structure to become melt water.

That melt water has more heat energy in it than the ice it came from had, but it has less heat energy than the warmer seawater had that originally contacted the ice.

That by itself (melt water is cooler than the seawater that caused it) would slow down the process if all things remained that way.

A perpetual melt water buffer would slow down the melt rate.

That is, because the melt water has less heat energy than the original water that made contact with the ice, the speed of the melting would slow down a bit.

But, the thing about Antarctica is that it's tide waters in contact with tidewater glaciers is substantial and is refreshed regularly:

"The vast Southern Ocean, which surrounds Antarctica, plays a starring role in the future of climate change. The global oceans together absorb over 90 percent of the excess heat in the climate system and roughly three-quarters of that heat uptake occurs in the Southern Ocean. In addition, the global oceans absorb around 25 percent of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions and the Southern Ocean alone accounts for about half of the uptake of CO2.

Despite its critical role in our climate system, the Southern Ocean has gone almost completely unobserved. Scientists have struggled to gather precise measurements because of the harsh environment and extreme remoteness. The changing dynamics of the Southern Ocean will in turn drive key aspects of our future climate, including how sensitive the Earth will be to further warming and increases in carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, improved observations are crucial to helping scientists understand and predict how our climate will change."

(Antarctica 2.0 - 6). Antarctica has the world's greatest current in the sense that more water flows within that current that in all the rivers on Earth combined:

"The Antarctic Circumpolar Current moves 140 million cubic meters (4.9 billion cubic feet) of water per second around Antarctica. That single current moves more water than all the rivers on the planet combined. The world's rivers move 1.3 million cubic meters (46 million cubic feet) of water per second."

(Mysterious Zones of Antarctica - 2). Thus, the melt is not slowing down there, no, it is accelerating because the water in contact with tidewater glaciers is refreshed by a major current (which removes cooler melt water).

I have prepared graphs (like the symbolic one at Fig. 1a) for all of the areas of Antarctica where the melting described in today's post is taking place.

They are not merely symbolic graphs, they detail the actual melt conditions for areas all around Antarctica (like those I did to detail Antarctica glaciers; see Antarctica 2.0 - 6 and attachments A, B, C, D, E, F).

These new graphs, calculated using the TEOS-10 library, also feature the new oceanographic depth levels I have begun to use (New Slang).

Here are the links to appendices containing those graphs A, B, C, D, E, F.

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

Fig. 1 World Ocean Layers

Fig. 2 World Ocean Depth Levels

Let me mention one thing before I get to the graphs concerning Layers 2, 7, and 14 in today's post.

I want to illustrate the need for us all to become aware of ocean dynamics and what it means for our lives, and for the lives of our friends and families.

Many lives are at stake but the republican government denies it.

Fig. 3a Tide Gauge SLC

Fig. 3b Conservative Temperature

Fig. 3c Absolute Salinity

Fig. 3d Thermosteric SLC

Fig. 4a Tide Gauge SLC

Fig. 4b Conservative Temperature

Fig. 4c Absolute Salinity

Fig. 4d Thermosteric SLC

I want to mention that one thing with a long quote from The Hill:

"A team of the world's leading climate scientists just released a groundbreaking report on what it will take to stop global warming at 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit). his report must be taken seriously and has significant implications for the future of American politics.

As expected, our worst fears were confirmed. To have a chance of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius by 2040, it will require a level of political action that is harrowing and unprecedented in human history.

Even if we hit this ambitious and near impossible target, the world is already seeing devastating floods, fires, famines, and storms.

Bottom line: The report shows that fossil fuels are a threat to civilization and to address this crisis, we need governments to lead a massive overhaul of the global economy to get off coal, oil and gas. A transition that the report authors themselves say “has no documented historic precedents.”

The report is very clear: The difference between a 1.5 degree Celsius world and a 2 degree Celsius world are extreme. Fewer deaths from heat waves, fewer cities and island nations will be sucked under water, and the coral reefs might have a chance at survival. This difference is not technical or economic. It’s political.

When basic decency and respect for human life are in short supply from the federal government, it’s hard to imagine our current administration suddenly taking this report seriously."

(The overhaul needed to get the global economy off coal, oil and gas). The long and the short of that quote is staggering.

It is virtually impossible to get the republican politicians in government to acknowledge that global warming induced climate change even exists.

Fig. 5a Tide Gauge SLC

Fig. 5b Conservative Temperature

Fig. 5c Absolute Salinity

Fig. 5d Thermosteric SLC

So, I try to become seriously aware of the nature and conditions of the oceans historically, currently, and in coming years.

That is because the impacts of oceans on the tidewater glaciers of the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica are existential threats.

I freely pass my research results along to readers so they may do as they wish with that knowledge.

My main focus, right or wrong, is to point out that thermal expansion is not a major player in sea level change.

It is only a minor player, so it has been a major detraction from reality in terms of any and all potential remedies.

Anyway, today's graph groups (Fig. 3a-d, Fig. 4a-d, and Fig. 5a-d are in the same configuration as they were in the previous post of this series.

One main thing to notice is how the layers vary.

That in itself is contrary to the false notions that come with the bathtub model (The Bathtub Model Doesn't Hold Water, 2, 3, 4, 5).

The oceans have as much variety as the continents do.

So, it is incumbent upon us to realize that factor in order to avoid a "one size fits all" mentality.

For example, a remedy for the Gulf Coast of Alaska is not viable for the coast of Southern California.

That is because in one place sea level is rising rapidly but in the other it is falling (e.g. Proof of Concept - 3).

Things can be different from one zone to another, from one layer to another, and from one depth to another.

I have included the WOD layers graphic (Fig. 1), the depth level values (Fig. 2), as well as the list of tide gauge station descriptions as I did in the previous post (listed below).

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

Layer 2
PSMSL Station Name: BERGEN
PSMSL Station Number: 58.php
WOD Zone: 1600

PSMSL Station Name: HEIMSJO
PSMSL Station Number: 313.php
WOD Zone: 1600

PSMSL Station Name: KJOLSDAL
PSMSL Station Number: 398.php
WOD Zone: 1600

PSMSL Station Name: MALOY
PSMSL Station Number: 486.php
WOD Zone: 1600

PSMSL Station Name: ALESUND
PSMSL Station Number: 509.php
WOD Zone: 1600

PSMSL Station Name: KRISTIANSUND
PSMSL Station Number: 682.php
WOD Zone: 1600

PSMSL Station Name: TRONDHEIM
PSMSL Station Number: 34.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: KABELVAG
PSMSL Station Number: 45.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: KOBBAKLINTAR
PSMSL Station Number: 63.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: BJORN
PSMSL Station Number: 90.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: HELIGMAN
PSMSL Station Number: 231.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: NARVIK
PSMSL Station Number: 312.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: ANDENES
PSMSL Station Number: 425.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: EVENSKJAER
PSMSL Station Number: 531.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: BODO
PSMSL Station Number: 562.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: TROMSO
PSMSL Station Number: 680.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: HARSTAD
PSMSL Station Number: 681.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: MOSJOEN
PSMSL Station Number: 781.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: BRONNOYSUND
PSMSL Station Number: 803.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: SANDNESSJOEN
PSMSL Station Number: 1137.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: SPIKARNA
PSMSL Station Number: 1211.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: RORVIK
PSMSL Station Number: 1241.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: TRONDHEIM 2
PSMSL Station Number: 1748.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: SKAGSUDDE
PSMSL Station Number: 2102.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: FORSMARK
PSMSL Station Number: 2103.php
WOD Zone: 1601

PSMSL Station Name: AMBARCHIK
PSMSL Station Number: 604.php
WOD Zone: 1616

PSMSL Station Name: AION
PSMSL Station Number: 730.php
WOD Zone: 1616

PSMSL Station Name: PEVEK
PSMSL Station Number: 606.php
WOD Zone: 1617

PSMSL Station Name: BILLINGA
PSMSL Station Number: 708.php
WOD Zone: 1617

PSMSL Station Name: LINAKHAMARI
PSMSL Station Number: 365.php
WOD Zone: 1603

PSMSL Station Name: MURMANSK
PSMSL Station Number: 684.php
WOD Zone: 1603

PSMSL Station Name: MURMANSK II
PSMSL Station Number: 687.php
WOD Zone: 1603

PSMSL Station Name: AMDERMA
PSMSL Station Number: 599.php
WOD Zone: 1606

PSMSL Station Name: UGORSKII SHAR (UGORSKII SHAR PROLIV)
PSMSL Station Number: 622.php
WOD Zone: 1606

PSMSL Station Name: ANTIPAIUTA
PSMSL Station Number: 1128.php
WOD Zone: 1607

PSMSL Station Name: LERWICK
PSMSL Station Number: 830.php
WOD Zone: 7600

PSMSL Station Name: TORSHAVN
PSMSL Station Number: 839.php
WOD Zone: 7600

PSMSL Station Name: REYKJAVIK
PSMSL Station Number: 638.php
WOD Zone: 7602

PSMSL Station Name: GRINDAVIK
PSMSL Station Number: 877.php
WOD Zone: 7602

PSMSL Station Name: QIKIQTARJUAQ
PSMSL Station Number: 1935.php
WOD Zone: 7606

PSMSL Station Name: CAMBRIDGE BAY
PSMSL Station Number: 1132.php
WOD Zone: 7610

PSMSL Station Name: TUKTOYAKTUK
PSMSL Station Number: 1000.php
WOD Zone: 7613

PSMSL Station Name: SEWARD
PSMSL Station Number: 266.php
WOD Zone: 7614

PSMSL Station Name: CORDOVA
PSMSL Station Number: 566.php
WOD Zone: 7614

PSMSL Station Name: ANCHORAGE
PSMSL Station Number: 1067.php
WOD Zone: 7614

PSMSL Station Name: VALDEZ
PSMSL Station Number: 1353.php
WOD Zone: 7614

PSMSL Station Name: RATMANOVA
PSMSL Station Number: 617.php
WOD Zone: 7616

PSMSL Station Name: NETTEN
PSMSL Station Number: 613.php
WOD Zone: 7617

PSMSL Station Name: MYS SHMIDTA
PSMSL Station Number: 616.php
WOD Zone: 7617

PSMSL Station Name: KOLUCHIN
PSMSL Station Number: 621.php
WOD Zone: 7617

PSMSL Station Name: PROVIDENIA
PSMSL Station Number: 662.php
WOD Zone: 7617

PSMSL Station Name: HELSINKI
PSMSL Station Number: 14.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: SODERSKAR
PSMSL Station Number: 29.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: VYBORG
PSMSL Station Number: 83.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: LEMSTROM
PSMSL Station Number: 84.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: REPOSAARI
PSMSL Station Number: 85.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: YKSPIHLAJA
PSMSL Station Number: 86.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: SKURU
PSMSL Station Number: 142.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: KOTKA
PSMSL Station Number: 164.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: SAPPI
PSMSL Station Number: 226.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: SUR SARI
PSMSL Station Number: 227.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: SALGRUND
PSMSL Station Number: 228.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: LOHM
PSMSL Station Number: 233.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: PRIMORSK
PSMSL Station Number: 237.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: TURKU / ABO
PSMSL Station Number: 239.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: FOGLO / DEGERBY
PSMSL Station Number: 249.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: HAMINA
PSMSL Station Number: 315.php
WOD Zone: 1602

PSMSL Station Name: KALIX
PSMSL Station Number: 2101.php
WOD Zone: 1602

Layer 7
PSMSL Station Name: KO SICHANG
PSMSL Station Number: 449.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: HONNGU
PSMSL Station Number: 1003.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: DONGFANG
PSMSL Station Number: 1407.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: QUINHON
PSMSL Station Number: 1449.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: DANANG
PSMSL Station Number: 1475.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: VUNGTAU
PSMSL Station Number: 1495.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: QUI NHON II
PSMSL Station Number: 2267.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: VUNG TAU II
PSMSL Station Number: 2268.php
WOD Zone: 1110

PSMSL Station Name: XI SHA
PSMSL Station Number: 1745.php
WOD Zone: 1111

PSMSL Station Name: CEBU
PSMSL Station Number: 394.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: LEGASPI
PSMSL Station Number: 522.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: SAN FERNANDO
PSMSL Station Number: 548.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: TACLOBAN
PSMSL Station Number: 664.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: PORT IRENE
PSMSL Station Number: 1705.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: SAN JOSE
PSMSL Station Number: 1711.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: REAL QUEZON
PSMSL Station Number: 2035.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: VIRAC
PSMSL Station Number: 2150.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: PULUPANDAN
PSMSL Station Number: 2151.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: BALANACAN
PSMSL Station Number: 2157.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: CURRIMAO ILOCOS NORTE
PSMSL Station Number: 2173.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: SUBIC ZAMBALES
PSMSL Station Number: 2176.php
WOD Zone: 1112

PSMSL Station Name: APRA HARBOUR
PSMSL Station Number: 540.php
WOD Zone: 1114

PSMSL Station Name: SAIPAN
PSMSL Station Number: 1474.php
WOD Zone: 1114

PSMSL Station Name: PAGO BAY
PSMSL Station Number: 2130.php
WOD Zone: 1114

PSMSL Station Name: WAKE ISLAND
PSMSL Station Number: 595.php
WOD Zone: 1116

PSMSL Station Name: ENEWETOK
PSMSL Station Number: 665.php
WOD Zone: 1116

PSMSL Station Name: DAKAR
PSMSL Station Number: 476.php
WOD Zone: 7101

PSMSL Station Name: DAKAR 2
PSMSL Station Number: 1816.php
WOD Zone: 7101

PSMSL Station Name: PORTO GRANDE (ST. VINCENT) 2
PSMSL Station Number: 1769.php
WOD Zone: 7102

PSMSL Station Name: PALMEIRA
PSMSL Station Number: 1914.php
WOD Zone: 7102

PSMSL Station Name: PORT OF SPAIN
PSMSL Station Number: 415.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: MAGUEYES ISLAND
PSMSL Station Number: 759.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO DE HIERRO
PSMSL Station Number: 782.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: SAN JUAN
PSMSL Station Number: 1001.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: GUIRIA
PSMSL Station Number: 1053.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: CHARLOTTE AMALIE
PSMSL Station Number: 1393.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: LIME TREE BAY
PSMSL Station Number: 1447.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: POINTE-A-PITRE
PSMSL Station Number: 1784.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: FORT-DE-FRANCE II
PSMSL Station Number: 1942.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: CHRISTIANSTED HARBOUR
PSMSL Station Number: 2118.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: LAMESHUR BAY
PSMSL Station Number: 2119.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: CULEBRA
PSMSL Station Number: 2120.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: AGUADILLA
PSMSL Station Number: 2121.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: MONA ISLAND
PSMSL Station Number: 2122.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: PRICKLEY BAY
PSMSL Station Number: 2272.php
WOD Zone: 7106

PSMSL Station Name: GUANTANAMO BAY
PSMSL Station Number: 418.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: CARTAGENA
PSMSL Station Number: 572.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO PLATA
PSMSL Station Number: 577.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: PORT AU PRINCE
PSMSL Station Number: 583.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: RIOHACHA
PSMSL Station Number: 714.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: PORT ROYAL
PSMSL Station Number: 744.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: BARAHONA
PSMSL Station Number: 745.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: CABO CRUZ
PSMSL Station Number: 1910.php
WOD Zone: 7107

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO LIMON
PSMSL Station Number: 552.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO CORTES
PSMSL Station Number: 557.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: LA UNION
PSMSL Station Number: 558.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO CASTILLA
PSMSL Station Number: 779.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: SANTO TOMAS DE CASTILLA
PSMSL Station Number: 1080.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: ACAJUTLA 2
PSMSL Station Number: 1302.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: NORTH SOUND
PSMSL Station Number: 1422.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: SOUTH SOUND
PSMSL Station Number: 1426.php
WOD Zone: 7108

PSMSL Station Name: ACAPULCO
PSMSL Station Number: 686.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: SALINA CRUZ
PSMSL Station Number: 689.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: COATZACOALCOS
PSMSL Station Number: 692.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: ALVARADO
PSMSL Station Number: 768.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: SAN JOSE II
PSMSL Station Number: 777.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: CIUDAD DEL CARMEN
PSMSL Station Number: 796.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: SAN JOSE
PSMSL Station Number: 973.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO ANGEL
PSMSL Station Number: 1015.php
WOD Zone: 7109

PSMSL Station Name: MANZANILLO
PSMSL Station Number: 737.php
WOD Zone: 7110

PSMSL Station Name: MANZANILLO 2
PSMSL Station Number: 1818.php
WOD Zone: 7110

PSMSL Station Name: HILO
PSMSL Station Number: 300.php
WOD Zone: 7115

PSMSL Station Name: JOHNSTON ISLAND
PSMSL Station Number: 598.php
WOD Zone: 7116

PSMSL Station Name: PORT SUDAN
PSMSL Station Number: 1690.php
WOD Zone: 1103

PSMSL Station Name: ADEN
PSMSL Station Number: 44.php
WOD Zone: 1104

PSMSL Station Name: SALALAH
PSMSL Station Number: 1754.php
WOD Zone: 1105

PSMSL Station Name: MUMBAI / BOMBAY (APOLLO BANDAR)
PSMSL Station Number: 43.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: BOMBAY (PRINCES DOCK)
PSMSL Station Number: 212.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: MANGALORE
PSMSL Station Number: 696.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: MARMAGAO
PSMSL Station Number: 1249.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: KARWAR
PSMSL Station Number: 1273.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: NAGAPPATTINAM
PSMSL Station Number: 1308.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: MANGALORE (PANAMBURU)
PSMSL Station Number: 1423.php
WOD Zone: 1107

PSMSL Station Name: CHENNAI / MADRAS
PSMSL Station Number: 205.php
WOD Zone: 1108

PSMSL Station Name: VISHAKHAPATNAM
PSMSL Station Number: 414.php
WOD Zone: 1108

PSMSL Station Name: KO LAK
PSMSL Station Number: 174.php
WOD Zone: 1109

PSMSL Station Name: PORT BLAIR
PSMSL Station Number: 206.php
WOD Zone: 1109

PSMSL Station Name: RANGOON
PSMSL Station Number: 210.php
WOD Zone: 1109

PSMSL Station Name: AMHERST
PSMSL Station Number: 746.php
WOD Zone: 1109

PSMSL Station Name: MOULMEIN
PSMSL Station Number: 747.php
WOD Zone: 1109

PSMSL Station Name: KO MATTAPHON
PSMSL Station Number: 1792.php
WOD Zone: 1109

Layer 14
PSMSL Station Name: USHUAIA I
PSMSL Station Number: 874.php
WOD Zone: 5506

PSMSL Station Name: PUERTO WILLIAMS
PSMSL Station Number: 1122.php
WOD Zone: 5506

PSMSL Station Name: USHUAIA II
PSMSL Station Number: 1271.php
WOD Zone: 5506

PSMSL Station Name: DIEGO RAMIREZ
PSMSL Station Number: 1785.php
WOD Zone: 5506

PSMSL Station Name: PUNTA ARENAS
PSMSL Station Number: 473.php
WOD Zone: 5507

PSMSL Station Name: CALETA PERCY
PSMSL Station Number: 994.php
WOD Zone: 5507

PSMSL Station Name: PUNTA ARENAS II
PSMSL Station Number: 2263.php
WOD Zone: 5507

Dredd Blog

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Thursday, October 18, 2018

Hot, Warm, & Cold Thermal Facts: Tidewater-Glaciers - 6

Appendix A - West Indian Ocean

Appendix B - East Indian Ocean

Appendix C - Ross Sea

Appendix D - Amundsen Sea

Appendix E - Bellingshausen Sea

Appendix F - Weddell Sea

Monday, October 15, 2018

New Slang - 4