Ground Beef Control To "Major Tom"

Link

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Gulp of Amurka Man

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Space X Slashed And Burned

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"Butt, Butt, Butt

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The Saturation Chronicles - 6

Surf's Up

In the previous post the ocean names were listed but only one graph was used to represent all of the depth levels.

In today's post the individual depth levels each have a separate graph.

Additionally, I am providing the formula for calculating saturation.

It can be applied for all years and all depths, including situations where all depths and ocean areas are presented in one graph and is applied as in the following example:

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pct1950-2022 = saturation percentage for years 1950 thru 2022
pct2023-2024 = saturation percentage for years 2023 and 2024
ho950-2022 = h^o for years 1950 thru 2022
ho2023-2024 = h^o for years 2023 and 2024

So, let's do that, here is the starting point:

pct1950-2022        pct2023-2024
--------------------- = --------------------
ho1950-2022         ho2023-2024

Now let pct2023-2024 = X

pct1950-2022        X
-------------------- =  ----------------------
ho1950-2022         ho2023-2024

pct1950-2022 * ho2023-2024 = ho1950-2022 * X

pct1950-2022 * ho2023-2024        ho1950-2022 * X
---------------------------------------- =   -------------------------
             ho1950-2022                     ho1950-2022

       pct1950-2022 * ho2023-2024
X = --------------------------------------
                ho1950-2022

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Fig. 1 All Depth Levels

The way to calculate the "pct" (percent) and h^o (potential enthalpy) parameters is detailed in the first post of this series (The Saturation Chronicles).

Both the year spans and h^o spans can be changed to analyze saturation events  in other situations.

Using that formula structure the individual depth levels can also be analyzed separately from the entire 19 ocean areas (Fig. 1) as I have done in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5.

Fig. 2 Abyssopelagic

But remember that this is all presented in the framework of a Dredd Blog hypothesis.

Also remember that science based hypotheses must be presented along with a way of falsifying them.

Otherwise they are not "up to snuff" (Proof of Concept - 11).

This brings up the World Ocean Database manual's maximum in situ temperature and maximum salinity settings for each depth which were set forth in a previous post of this series: 

"The HTML tables have a column that shows the WOD manual's maximum (h^o) at each relevant depth level (WOD Manual) [Appendix 11]".

Those maximum values are calculated from the manual's maximum temperature and salinity values (The Saturation Chronicles - 2).

Fig. 3 Bathypelagic

If for some reason those World Ocean Database maximum parameters, which come from www ncei noaa gov, are not "up to snuff" (too small or too large), then that would possibly falsify all or part of the Dredd Blog saturation hypothesis to the extent that the WOD parameters are too large or too small.

Fig. 4 Epipelagic

But any alleged falsification effort would have to not only challenge those parameters, it would have to add a replacement and the replacement's source.

Think for a minute how unsuspecting we have been in our faith that the ocean could never become "overheated".

And think of that as coral reefs die, as plankton diminishes, as whales, sharks, and myriad other sea creatures wash ashore or disappear.

Also, remember the once abundant and inexpensive table foods that are changing in quantity, quality, and price.

Like Atlantic Cod (A Paper From Hansen et al. Is Now Open For Discussion - 3).

Fig. 5 Mesopelagic

Let's consider what the scientist in the video of the previous post postulated, which is that perhaps 20% of the surprise 2023-2024 global warming increases are from a yet unknown source.

Is heat saturation in the ocean, which causes less absorption capacity, that yet unknown source?

The time-warn mantra of recent years is that 90-93% of the global warming induced heat increases are absorbed by the oceans.

So, 90-93% decreased by 20% means that only 72% (90*.20 = 18%; 90-18=72) to 74.4% (93*.20=18.6%; 93-18.6=74.4) is now being absorbed.

That could easily explain the 2023 and 2024 surprise increase in temperatures.

Closing Comments

Singing these blues does not come easy (A thermodynamic potential of seawater in terms of Absolute Salinity, Conservative Temperature, and in situ pressure).

First one must download WOD data in its native storage form, then convert that to CSV format, which is a difficult chore considering there are ~5.5 billion results (WOD Update).

Next, that WOD CSV format is altered into an SQL format (e.g. ocean area, year, depth) and placed into an SQL database.

Then the data is loaded into software programs that use TEOS-10 functions to calculate TEOS-10 parameters.

Graphs and posts are then generated as a public service (The Saturation Chronicles - 5).

The previous post in this series is here.

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The Saturation Chronicles - 5

Fig. 1 Combined Heat Saturation Percent

Let's consider ocean heat concentration on the average.

The view of heat saturation in 19 ocean areas combined as an average is shown in Fig. 1.

Those individual ocean areas are:

Equatorial Indian, NW Pacific, Mediterranean, North Atlantic, Red Sea, North Pacific, Persian Gulf, Sea of Okhotsk, Equatorial Pacific, Sulu Sea, North Indian, South Indian, Southern, Bering Sea, Sea of Japan, Equatorial Atlantic, Arctic, South Atlantic, and South Pacific.

The percentages are averages of all in situ measurements at up to 33 depths from  World Ocean Database (WOD), SOCCOM database, and Wood's Hole database files.

Fig. 2 Sniff The Waters

The values of all 19 ocean areas are combined at depths up to the maximum depth of each ocean area.

Temperature, salinity, depth, latitude, and longitude are the in situ parameters used in those calculations.

Those parameters are then used in TEOS-10 functions which calculate height (Z), pressure (P), Conservative Temperature (CT), and Absolute Salinity (SA).

The "ocean heat content" (a.k.a. potential enthalpy or h^o) is also calculated using the TEOS-10 C++ library to process those TEOS-10 parameters.

Note that "it is perfectly valid to talk of potential enthalpy, h^o, as the 'heat content' and to regard the flux of h^o as the 'heat flux.'" (Potential Enthalpy: A Conservative Oceanic Variable for Evaluating Heat Content and Heat Fluxes).

On the Fig. 1 graph, the depth data is as follows:

Concerning colors of lines at WOD and Pelagic depths:

WOD depths (L1 - L9) = epipelagic (0 - 200m) [200 m]
WOD depths (L10 - L18) = mesopelagic (201m - 1000m) [799 m]
WOD depths (L19 - L29) = bathypelagic (1001m - 4000m) [2,999 m]
WOD depths (L30 - L32) = abyssopelagic (4001m - 5500m) [1,499 m]
WOD depths (L33) = hadopelagic (beyond 5500m)

The lines are colored as epipelagic,  mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssopelagic, and hadopelagic as noted on the graph.

Note that the old belief, written in textbooks and on various websites, that the deeper the water is the colder it is was a myth.

The Fig. 1 graph shows that the highest heat saturation percentages are not based on depth alone.

That graph shows that heat saturation depends on how many infrared photons have been absorbed by the ocean water molecules (The Photon Current, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 , 17, 18, 19, 20, 21).

Closing Comments

Google's AI says:

" 'Heat saturation' refers to the point at which a substance has absorbed the maximum amount of heat it can hold at a given pressure, meaning any additional heat added will cause it to change phase from liquid to vapor (like boiling), and is essentially synonymous with the term "saturation temperature" in thermodynamics; at this point, the liquid is considered "saturated" with thermal energy and further heat input will result in a phase change, not a temperature increase."

(Thank you Mr. AI). Note that for water (not saltwater) that temperature is about 212 deg. F (100 deg. C).

That is not the focus of this series.

What this series uses is the Maximum temperatures the WOD manual sets as the maximum, NOT the evaporation temperature.

We are not focusing on the temperature at which the ocean turns into steam, no, we are focusing on the temperatures of saturation which cause a RESISTANCE to further photon absorption.

The exercise in this saturation context is the percent of the WOD maximums set by WOD officials.

Then, using the historical 90-93 percent rate of absorption set by oceanographers as the amount the ocean has absorbed during the graph's time frame (1950-2023) we can hope to estimate the decline in that WOD maximum historical absorption percentage as the ocean's potential enthalpy or h^o percent increases.

if the hypothesis is confirmed, we can expect the surprising 2023-2024 temperature increases to continue as the ocean's in situ heat saturation percentage rate increases.

Just sayin' ...

The next post in this series is here, the previous post in this series is here.

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